Repeated measure one-way ANOVA

Question 1

repeated measures one-way ANOVA

Answer 1

within participants design

Question 2

one-way ANOVA

Answer 2

when we have 1 IV with more than 2 levels

Question 3

t^2

Answer 3

F value

Question 4

between IV level variance

Answer 4

• manipulation of IV
• experimental error (random)

Question 5

within IV level

Answer 5

• experimental error (random)

Question 6

what does variance within IV levels for repeated measures NOT include

Answer 6

variance due to individual differences
- includes ONLY error variance

Question 7

H0

Answer 7

• no difference between population means under different levels of IV

Question 8

F formula

Answer 8

• repeated measures designs will result in higher F values compared to independent design as smaller variance within levels due to not including individual differences … dividing variance between by a smaller number… further from 0

Question 9

assumptions of repeated measures one-way ANOVA

Answer 9

• normality
• sphericity (homogeneity of covariance) (RM only)
• equivalent sample size

Question 10

Sphericity

Answer 10

• homogeneity of covariance
• the variance in difference scores under each IV level pair should be reasonably equivalent

Question 11

Mauchly’s

Answer 11

• tests Sphericity
• H0: no difference between the co variances under each IV level pair (homogeneity)
• p < .05 reject null (shows heterogeneity)

Question 12

what is the correction for Mauchly’s test

Answer 12

Greenhouse-Geisser

Question 13

what is the non-parametric equivalent if assumptions are violated

Answer 13

Friedman Test

Question 14

RM ANOVA: SPSS OUTPUT Mauchly’s

Answer 14

Question 15

RM ANOVA: SPSS OUTPUT TABLE : IF M IS NOT SIGNIFICANT

Answer 15

Question 16

RM ANOVA: SPSS OUTPUT TABLE : IF M IS SIGNIFICANT

Answer 16

Question 17

SPSS OUTPUT - GENERAL

Answer 17

Question 18

Model sum of squares (SSm)

Answer 18

variance between IV levels (incl. variance due to manipulation of he IV and error)

Question 19

Residual sum of squares (SSr)

Answer 19

variance within IV levels (incl. only error variance, but not variance due to individual differences)

Question 20

MSm formula

Answer 20

SSm/dfM

Question 21

F : SPSS output

Answer 21

MSm/MSr

Question 22

degrees of freedom for repeated measures one-way ANOVA

Answer 22

(dfM = k -1)
dfR = dfM x (n-1)
k = number of IV levels
n = number of participants

• note if you use corrected d.f.

Question 23

post-hoc test repeated measures one-way ANOVA

Answer 23

• to asses which IV level means differ
• only when F value significant
• Bonferroni

Question 24

Bonferroni SPSS output

Answer 24

Question 25

effect size table

Answer 25

memorize

Question 26

partial eta^2 formula for repeated measures

Answer 26

be able to do by hand

Question 27

Cohen's d formula

Answer 27

be able to do by hand - always report even if not significant, if not significant don't talk about effect size

Question 28

advantages of repeated measures vs independent

Answer 28

- requires fewer participants - error variance within IV levels reduced as no individual differences - more sensitive/powerful than independent so easier to find significant difference (void type II error)

Question 29

disadvantages of repeated measures vs independent

Answer 29

- order effects e.g. practice effect, fatigue effects, sensitization, carry-over effects - counterbalance to spread out impact of order effects, not get rid

Question 30

sensitization

Answer 30

p's start to work out aim of study and behave in a particular way to annoy or please experimenter may be unconscious

Question 31

alternatives to counterbalancing

Answer 31

- fatigue- shorter experiments - sensitization - intervals between IV level exposure - practice - so order effects already exist when start study do pre-study practice - carry-over effects - include a control group

Question 32

note

Answer 32

can be used for infinite number of levels as long as only one IV

Question 33

write up one way ANOVA: design

Answer 33

- IV: its levels, sunject design, steps taken to eliminate confounds (e.g. counterbalancing, random allocation) - DV

Question 34

one-way ANOVA results: step one: descriptive statistics in the table

Answer 34

- measure of central tendency: mean - measure of spread: standard deviation - interval estimate: CIs for upper and lower limit

Question 35

one-way ANOVA: step 2: results write up

Answer 35

- refer to descriptive statistics table - state test used - test statistic: : F(dfM, dfR) = _.__, p = .___ (*) - if assumption for homogeneity has been violated (Levene's for independent, Mauchly's for repeated measures) state what correction you use after statistic (Welch or Greenhouse-Geisser) - * state if results were significantin next sentance with directionality if so - effect size as partial eta squared as percentage if significant *if not report after test statistic

Question 36

one-way ANOVA: step 3: post hoc as part of results

Answer 36

- if significant do post-hoc write up - Tukey HSD for between-subjects - Bonferroni for within-subject