Repertoire Quiz 1

Question 1

Augustine

Answer 1

An influential Christian writer, also a saint, who feared the pleasures of music

Question 2

Boethius

Answer 2

The most revered authority on music in the Middle Ages. He treated music almost like a science

Question 3

Monasticism

Answer 3

a religious way of life in which monks and nuns dedicated their lives to spiritual work

Question 4

Liturgy

Answer 4

The set order of spoken and sung texts during a religious service

Question 5

Monophony

Answer 5

A single unaccompanied melody

Question 6

Polyphony

Answer 6

Two or more simultaneous lines of distinctly different melodies

Question 7

Mass

Answer 7

the most important service in the Roman Church

Question 8

Office

Answer 8

A series of eight prayer services of the Roman Church, celebrated daily at specific times during which all 150 psalms are sung at least once every week.

Question 9

Ordinary

Answer 9

Texts of the Mass remaining the same for every service

Question 10

Proper

Answer 10

Texts of the Mass assigned to a particular day in a cycle of the church calendar

Question 11

Proper of the Saints

Answer 11

A celebration of a particular saint celebrated when the Proper of the Time is not too important

Question 12

Pope Gregory the Great

Answer 12

Revered as the founder of the church, also believed to have been given the gregorian chant by a the holy spirit and codified it

Question 13

plainchant

Answer 13

unison unaccompanied song - liturgical song to latin text;

Question 14

Gregorian Chant

Answer 14

Repertory of ecclesiastical chant used in roman catholic church

Question 15

Oral transmission

Answer 15

The process of learning music by listening and repeating

Question 16

Neume

Answer 16

A sign used in notation of chant to indicate a certain number of notes and general melodic direction or particular pitches

Question 17

Church modes

Answer 17

One of eight scales or melody types recognized by church musicians and theorists in the Middle Ages. They use different patterns of intervals and start on different notes

Question 18

Guido of Arezzo

Answer 18

Had the idea to color coordinate staff lines based on the note they identified; out of this four line staff culminated our five line staff

Question 19

Tropes

Answer 19

Addition to an existing chant of words and melody, melisma or words only

Question 20

Sequences

Answer 20

A category of latin chant that follows the alleluia in some masses

Question 21

Liturgical drama

Answer 21

Dialogue on a sacred subject, set to music and usually performed with action and linked to the liturgy

Question 22

Hildegard of Bingen

Answer 22

Prioress and abbess of her own convent. Also wrote the most number of surviving chants from the Middle Ages

Question 23

Troubadours

Answer 23

Poet-composers of southern France who wrote monophonic songs in occitan (langue d’oc) in the twelfth or thirteenth century

Question 24

Trobairitz

Answer 24

A female troubadour

Question 25

Langue d'oc

Answer 25

Southern French

Question 26

Langue d'oil

Answer 26

Northern French

Question 27

Trouveres

Answer 27

Poet-composers of northern France who wrote monophonic songs in old French (langue d'oil) in the twelfth or thirteenth century

Question 28

Jongleurs

Answer 28

Medieval musician or street entertainer

Question 29

Minstrels

Answer 29

Thirteenth century traveling musicians, some employed at court and some in the city

Question 30

Secular song

Answer 30

Latin songs composed for performance outside religious ceremonies

Question 31

courtly love

Answer 31

Idealized love for an unattainable woman admired from a distance; chief subject for troubadours and trouveres

Question 32

Eleanor of Aquitaine

Answer 32

One of the most powerful women of the twelfth century, queen of France by marriage to Louis VII, also employed the services of a famous Troubadour (Bernart) who, by following her around Europe, influenced much of the troubadour and trouveres traditions

Question 33

Comtessa de Dia

Answer 33

A female troubadour, married but in love with another man about whom she wrote many songs

Question 34

Bernart de Ventadorn

Answer 34

Born to a servant at the castle of Ventadorn, Bernart was an influential troubadour in the service of Eleanor or Aquitaine

Question 35

Vida

Answer 35

Vidas/razos are commentaries. Vidas are life stories

Question 36

Razos

Answer 36

Describes particular songs

Question 37

Contrafact

Answer 37

Different version of a song with a new text

Question 38

Notre Dame School

Answer 38

A school in Paris, France where polyphony originated

Question 39

Organum

Answer 39

One early style of polyphony involving the addition of one or more voices to an existing chant

Question 40

Discant

Answer 40

Twelfth-century style of polyphony in which the upper voices have about one to three notes for each note of the lower voice

Question 41

Tenor

Answer 41

the voice part with the chant or other borrowed melody often in long-held notes

Question 42

Leonin

Answer 42

A canon at Notre Dame before becoming a priest. A singer or composer of organum. Credited with creation of the great book of polyphony

Question 43

Perotin

Answer 43

A composer and creator of Notre Dame polyphony along with Leoninus. Perotinus edited the great book of polyphony because he was a better discantor than Leonin

Question 44

Magnus Liber Organi

Answer 44

Great Book of Polyphony, authored by Leonin and later edited by the better Perotin

Question 45

Anonymous IV

Answer 45

The fourth treatise in a collection of medieval treatises from 1285

Question 46

Rhythmic modes

Answer 46

System of six durational patterns used in polyphony of the late twelfth and thirteenth centuries; used as the basis of the rhythmic notation of the notre dame composers

Question 47

clausula

Answer 47

Notre Dame polyphony, a self-contained section of an organum that closes with a cadence

Question 48

motet

Answer 48

A new genre in the early thirteenth century, created by adding newly written Latin words to the upper voices of discant clausulae. Soon overpowered conductus and organum to become the new norm