Repro Flashcards
Female reproductive tract : name all 7 parts
Ovaries, oviducts, uterus, uterine horn, cervix, vagina, external genitalia/vulva
What are the two main roles of ovaries
Producing gametes and hormones
Oviducts: the Infundibulum does what?
Fimbriae (hairs) collect ova
Oviducts : ampulla and isthmus do what?
Transport of ova to uterus
Where is the site of fertilisation?
Ampulla
What are the three main uteri types and briefly describe ? And give an example of what species they relate to.
Duplex uteri - two cervical canals with seperate uterine horns - marsupial/rabbit
Bicornuate uteri - two uterine horns and a small body (can be long and short) - mares/cows/sows
Simplex uteri - prominent uterine body and limited horn development- primates
What are the three types of oestrous cycles and briefly describe.
Polyoestrous: continuous and regular (cow,pig, rodent)
Seasonal polyoestrous: regular in certain seasons (ewe, doe, mare)
Monoestrous: one period per year (dog, wolf, fox)
What are the two stages of hormonal regulation? And briefly describe
Follicular phase : Period of time writhing the cycle between Copora lutea to ovulation
Luteal phase : time between ovulation and corpora lutea regression
What are the key components of the follicular phase?
The development of copora lutea and the production of progesterone in anticipation of pregnancy
Once male and female chromosomes are paired, allowing fusion to occur at which point the zygote enters the initial phase of embryogenesis what are the 4 things the embryo must do?
1- continue development with the zona pellucidia
2- hatch from the zonal into a free floating blastocyst
3- provide signalling to allow recognition of pregnancy
4- develop extra embryonic membranes
Hormonal regulation of oestrus has 4 stages in the follicular phase what are the 2 phases and how many hours/days are each? And in the luteal phase. Which one goes up and which goes down?
Follicular
Proestrus: 3 days
Oestrus 24-36 hours
Luteal
Metoestrus: 5 days
dioestus 13 days +
Proestrus goes up and metoestrus goes down
Placental classification: what are the 4 classifications?
Diffuse, cotyledonary, zonary/zonal and discoid
What are the three states of parturition?
1: contractions and removing the influence of progesterone
2: expulsion of the foetus
3 expulsion of foetal membranes
Name the male reproduction parts
Spermatic cord, Scrotum, testies, epidiymis, ductus deferens (vas deferens) accessory sex glands, penis
What is the purpose of the epididymis in males? 5 points
Maturation of spermatozoa in testies, storage, secretion of hormones, muscle contraction and transport to ductus deferens
After spermatozoa are produced where do they move?
Through to the epididymis to undergo final processing to become fertile
4-14 days the sperm does what?
Moves from the caput to corpus to cauda of the epidiymus which provides storage until ejaculation
What is the purpose of the ductus deferens in males?
Transport mature spermatozoa to the ampullae
What is the difference between the bore and stallion ejaculation compared to bull and ram?
Bore and stallion deposit sperm after cervix
What sets the stallion testies apart?
They are horizontal orientation
Within the testies, spermatozoa are produced by what process?
Spematogenisis
What are the 3 stages in spermatogenesis?
1- mitotic proliferation
2- meiosis
3 - packing
Prior to spermatozoa what are the 3 things that must occur?
1- secretion of GnRH from the hypothalamus
2- secretion of FSH and LH from anterior pituitary
3 - secretion of testosterone and oestrogen
List 5 signs of male puberty
Masculine traits
First ejaculation
Age of spermatozoa in ejaculation
Age of spermatozoa in urine
Threshold of spermatozoa reached
