reproduction Flashcards
sexual, asexual, mitosis, meiosis (29 cards)
meiosis meaning
type of cell division that produces 4 non-identical haploid daughter cells
haploid meaning
cells that contain half the normal amount of DNA & chromosomes that aren’t arranged in pairs
diploid meaning
cells that contain the normal amount of DNA & chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs
sexual meaning
reproduction involving 2 parents & where any offspring will show genetic variation
asexual meaning
reproduction involving 1 parent where any offspring will be genetically identical to the original organism
gamete meaning
a haploid cell created by meiosis
are gametes used in:
sexual
asexual?
yes
no
examples of asexual reproduction
daffodils, aphids, strawberry plants, bacteria
examples of sexual reproduction
daffodils, aphids, strawberry plants, mammals
advantages of asexual reproduction
faster, many offspring, 1 parent, more time & energy efficient
advantages of sexual reproduction
variation, greater chance of survival
disadvantages of asexual reproduction
in bad conditions, all offspring would die
disadvantages of sexual reproduction
requires mates
what are the gametes in plant
pollen & ovules
cell cycle
interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis
stages of mitosis
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
stages of meiosis
1.preparation
2.meiosis 1
3.meiosis 2
4.actual cell division
stage 1 of meiosis
DNA replicates to form chromosomes that have double amount of DNA
stage 2 of meiosis
Pair of (homologous) chromosomes separate. leads to variation because any one pair can go to either side. DNA’s swapped between chromosomes in each pair, causing variation.
stage 3 of meiosis
chromosomes split in half with each half going to each new daughter cell
stage 4 of meiosis
cell membrane & cytoplasm divide to form 4 daughter cells from original cells. all cells are different & haploid.
number of divisions in:
mitosis
meiosis
1
2
number of cells produced in:
mitosis
meiosis
2
4
number of chromosome in:
mitosis
meiosis
46
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