Reproduction Flashcards
(22 cards)
Four stages of cell cycle
G1, S, G2, M
Interphase
G1, S, G2
G0 Stage
Living and serving its function
DNA is in chromatin form
G1
Create organelles for energy and protein production while also increasing their size
Where are restriction points of cell cycle
After G1, after G2, Meta
S
Cell replicates and its genetic material so that each daughter cell will have identical chromatids bound at the centromere
What does chromosome mean?
A single chromatid before S phase or the pair of chromatids attached at the centromere after S phase
G2
Cell check to make sure all is ready and DNA replicated right to avoid errors
Main protein in control of restriction points?
p53
What molecules are responsible for cell cycle?
Cyclin-dependent kinases and cyclins
What must be present in order for CDK to increase control the cell cycle?
Cyclin
What does CDK complex phosphorylate?
Transcription factors
Meiosis I
Results in homologous chromosomes being separated generating haploid daughter cells
Reductional division
Meiosis II
Separation of sister chromatids
Equational division
What lines up during Metaphase I?
Homologous pairs
Can crossing over occur in mitosis?
No
When does synapsis occur?
Prophase I
Synaptonemal complex
Holds tetrads together
Crossing over
When homologous chromosomes break at the chiasma and exchange equivalent pieces of DNA
Recombination
Unlinks linked genes and increase variety of genetic combinations that can be produced via gametogenesis
Mendel’s Law of independent assortment
Inheritance of one allele has no effect on the likelihood of inheriting certain alleles for other genes
When is chromosome number halved in meiosis?
Meiosis I