Reproduction Flashcards
What are the two functional components of the testes?
seminiferous tubes and interstitial cells of Leydig. the testes are located in the scrotum.
What is the role of the seminiferous tubes?
sperm are produced here and nourished by Sertoli cells
what is the role of the cells of Leydig?
to secrete testosterone
the muscle around the vas deferens can do what to the testes to maintain the optimal 2-4degreeC temperature?
raise and lower the testes.
after the sperm are formed, they move to the _______ where what happens?
epididymis; flagella gain motility and are stored until ejaculation
what pathway through the reproductive tract does sperm take during ejaculation?
through the vas deferens, enter the ejaculatory duct (at rear end of prostate gland), then finally through the urethra
what three parts of the male reproductive system add fluid to sperm? what is this fluid called?
seminal vesicles–fructose to feed sperm,
prostate gland–gives fluid alkaline quality to survive acidity of female reprpductive system
bulbourethral (cowper’s gland)–clear fluid that lubricates urethra during arousal;
seminal fluid
what is spermatogenesis?
formation of haploid sperm through meiosis
what are diploid sperm cells known as?
spermatogonia
list the stages in order sperm take from spermatogonia (diploid sperm) to mature spermatozoa
1) spermatogonia–diploid
2) primary spermatocytes (replicated genetic material in S stage, still dipoloid)
3) secondary spermatocytes (after first meitotic division–haploid)
4) spermatids (after meiosis II)
5) spermatozoa (spermatids mature)
what structure of the sperm is specialized to penetrate the ovum?
acrosome–located on the head
what is the midpiece of sperm filled with?
mitochondria to generate energy for movement
what are the female gonads called?
ovaries, produce estrogen and progesterone
what are follicles and where are they located?
multilayered sacs that contain, nourish, and protect the ova
