Reproduction

Question 1

Define reproduction

Answer 1

in organism is the creation of a new organism of the species forming the next generation

Question 2

Sexual reproduction

Answer 2

Male sperm fertilises a female egg

Question 3

Asexual reproduction

Answer 3

Only one parent needed to reproduce next generation

Question 4

Fertilisation

Answer 4

Occurs when a male sperm combines with a female egg

Question 5

Define hermaphrodite

Answer 5

Is an organism that has both female and male sex organs

Tapeworm and flatworm are examples

Question 6

Define meiosis

Answer 6

Is the process of cell devision by which the sperm and egg are created

Question 7

Chromosome amount

Answer 7

Sperm and egg have half the number of chromosomes with generic information of normal cell

Question 8

Define zygote

Answer 8

When the sperm has fertilised the egg and made a new cell called zygote

Question 9

Sexual reproduction in animals

Answer 9

Differ, some have penis some have a cloaca which sperm leaves
Egg might be fertilised internal or external

Question 10

External fertilisation

Answer 10

Occurs outside body
Low success rate but large numbers of sperm and egg
Sperm swim through water and eggs stay damp

Question 11

Internal fertilisation

Answer 11

Occurs inside the body

Higher success rate but less sperm and eggs

Question 12

Development

Answer 12

Some animals develop internally and some externally

Question 13

Reproduction in plants

Answer 13

Can be asexual or sexual

Question 14

Flowering components

Answer 14

Petal=colour and design attract insects
Nectary= produces sugar and fragrance to attract animals
Stamen= male organ, the filament and anther
Anther= pollen (sperm cell) is produced in sacks of pollen
Filament= supports anther
Carpel= female organ, consist =s of stigma, style, ovary and ovule
Stigma=pollen deposited here during pollination
Style= supports stigma, pollen grows and pollen tube down the style to the ovary
Ovary= stored ovules, location of fertilisation and seed development
Ovule= female sex cell, produced in the ovary
Pollen- male sex cell, produced in pollen sacks of the anther

Question 15

Pollen

Answer 15

• gains development in the anther of a flower
• is transferred to the stigma of another flower
• grows a pollen tube down the style to ovary
• gametes then go down pollen tube and fertilise an egg

Question 16

Pollination

Answer 16

Occurs due to wind, insects or other animals. Flowers specialised to promote pollination
Colour, shape, hector, form, and fragrance all enhance the progress

Question 17

Seeds, fruit and dispersal

Answer 17

Seeds start to develop in the ovary after fertilisation creates an embryo
The ovary grows larger and develops into fruit and the embryo develops into the seed

Question 18

Seed structure

Answer 18

• seed coat is a protective outer layer
• cotyledons provide energy during germination
• plumule is first shoot of seed
• radicle is first root of the seed

Question 19

Germination

Answer 19

Seed absorbs water which weakens seed coat which cause it to grow

Low temp = slows and may stop germination
High temp = kills seed

Question 20

Dispersal

Answer 20

• animals eat fruit and excrete the seeds in faeces
• seeds may float on mater over long distances
• burrs get stuck in animal fur
• dandelions and grasses may fly on the wind

Question 21

Parthenogenesis

Answer 21

• when animals develop from unfertilised egg
• worker bee develop from unfertilised egg
• some gecko lizards reproduce vis female reproduction

Question 22

Vegetative propagation

Answer 22

When plants reproduce by asexual reproduction

Question 24

Budding

Answer 24

Young grows from a bud one the adult, hydra

Question 25

Tuber

Answer 25

Swollen stem develops underground, each tuber can grow a new plant
Potato

Question 26

Bulb

Answer 26

Swollen underground part that develops freshly leaves | Onion

Question 27

Runner

Answer 27

Stem grows above ground sending out new shorts and roots | Strawberries

Question 28

Rhizomes

Answer 28

Stem grows underground sending out new shoots and roots | Bamboo

Question 29

Plantlets

Answer 29

Leaves develop small plants that grow when leafs fall on the ground Kalanchoe

Question 30

Root sucker

Answer 30

Root sends up new stems | Eucalyptus

Question 31

Binary fission

Answer 31

Occurs when a parent cell males an exact copy of itself, the daughter cell Bacteria and yeast

Question 32

Male reproductive system

Answer 32

Produces sperm to be implanted in the female for fertilisation of egg

Question 33

Testes

Answer 33

Male sperm develops in the testes

Question 34

Seminal vesicles and prostate glands

Answer 34

Produce fluids that bath sperm and aid them in successful fertilisation

Question 35

Penis

Answer 35

Organ in which semen is ejaculated or urine is passed, penis becomes erect to aid entry to vagina

Question 36

Scrotum

Answer 36

Temperature of testes 2-3 degrees is kept below normal body temperature by retracting or extending

Question 37

Female reproductive system

Answer 37

Produces an ovum (egg) to be fertilised by sperm

Question 38

Vagina

Answer 38

Passage in which sperm is implanted and through which the endometrium is shed or baby leaves female through birth

Question 39

Ovaries

Answer 39

Ovum or egg are female sec cells produced in ovaries

Question 40

Fallopian tube

Answer 40

Tubes that connect the ovaries to the uterus

Question 41

Uterus

Answer 41

Organ where embryo develops onto foetus, endometrium is the lining of the uterus

Question 42

Fission

Answer 42

Splits into two and new generation grows | Crown of thorns star fish