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Yr1 HS1023 > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

When does puberty start?

A

When the hypothalamus begins secreting gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRH)

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2
Q

What are gametes?

A

Sex cells

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3
Q

What is gameogenesis?

A

Process of forming human sex cells – gametes. Female gametes are the eggs and the male gametes are the sperm. Gametogenesis occurs by cell division

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4
Q

What are chromosomes? How many chromosomes in each DNA?

A

DNA

23 pairs of chromosomes

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5
Q

What are the accessory reproductive organs of the female reproductive system?

A

The uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, external genitalia and mammary glands

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6
Q

What are the ovaries? Where are they?

A
  • Paired, oval organs located in the pelvic cavity.
  • The ovaries are stuck in the pelvic cavity by cords and sheets of connective tissue. Each ovary is supplied by an ovarian artery and an ovarian vein.
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7
Q

What is menopause?

A

Normally between 45 and 55. This happens when there is either no more ovarian follicles remaining, or ovarian follicle maturation has stopped.

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8
Q

What and where is the uterus?

A

A hallow, pear-shaped, thick-walled muscular organ within the pelvic cavity.

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9
Q

What is the structure of the uterus?

A

It has a lumen which connects the uterine tubes and to the vagina.

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10
Q

What is the purpose of the uterus?

A

To support, protect and nourish the developing embryo by forming a vascular connection

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11
Q

What are the 3 concentric tunics of the uterine wall?

A

The promethium, myometrium and the endometrium.

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12
Q

What is the vagina?

A

Thick-walked, fibromuscular tube that forms the inferiormost region of the female reproductive tract. The vagina connects the uterus with the outside of the body, and functions as the birth canal.

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13
Q

What are the 3 tunics of the vagina?

A

Inner mucosa, a middle muscularis, and an outer adventitia.

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14
Q

What are the four stages of the uterine cycle?

A
  • The menstrual phase occurs approx. during days 1 to 5 of the cycle. Uterus sheds its in inner lining of soft tissue, and blood vessels exist the body through the vagina.
  • The proliferative phase is approx. 6 to 14 days of the cycle. The follicles inside the ovaries develop and mature in preparation for ovulation.
  • Ovulation occurs at day 14 of the cycle
  • The secretory phase occurs approx. day 15 to 28 of the cycle. LH causes the follicles to burst which develop a small yellow structure in the ovary called corpus luteum, which secretes the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
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15
Q

What is the clitoris?

A

Small erectile body, located at the anterior regions of the labia minora

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16
Q

What is the main reproductive organ of the male reproductive system?

A

Testes

17
Q

What are the accessory reproductive organs of the male reproductive system?

A

Ducts and tubules, and the penis

18
Q

What is the scotum?

A

Skin-covered sac between the thighs. It provides a cool environment needed for sperm development and maturation

19
Q

What are the testes?

A

Small oval organs inside the scrotum. They produce sperm and male sex hormones.

20
Q

What is spermatogenesis?

A

Development of sperm occurring within the seminiferous tubule of the testis.

21
Q

What are the ducts?

A

The left and right testes have their own set of ducts. The ducts store and transport sperm as it matures and passes out of the body.

22
Q

What are the prostate glands?

A

A compact organ, under the bladder.

23
Q

What is semen?

A

Seminal fluid combines with sperm from the testes to make up semen. Ejaculated during intercourse

24
Q

What is the top of the penis called? What is the skin like?

A

The tip of the penis is called the glans. The skin is thin and elastic.

25
Q

What are the male and female reproductive cycles controlled by?

A

By hormones from the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.

Yr1 HS1023 (18 decks)

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