Reproduction

Question 1

Freshly ejaculated sperm needs to go through a process of change in order to fertilise the ovum. This process is called:

Answer 1

Capacitation

Question 2

What is the name of the temporary endocrine gland that secretes progesterone?

Answer 2

Corpus Luteum

Question 3

What best describes the order of cell division of the zygote ?

Answer 3

Zygote - blastomeres - morula- blastocyts

Question 4

When does ovulation occur?

Answer 4

Just after the LH peak

Question 5

Monozygotic (identical) twins are caused by two sperm fertilising a single egg. True or False

Answer 5

False

Question 6

State five specific functions of the peak in oestrogen concentration during the cycle of the female mammal?

Answer 6

Causes behavioural oestrus ‘heat’
Increases and thickens cervical mucus
Stimulates pituitary release of LH
Stimulates retrograde uterine contractions
inhibits follicle growth - promotes follicle atresia

Question 7

State five specific functions of progesterone during the cycle and during pregnancy of the female mammal

Answer 7

Stimulates mammogenesis
Sensitise the brain to E2 
Inhibits the immune activity of the uterus
Suppresses behavioural oestrus
Inhibits follicle growth

Question 8

Where is the site of spermatogenesis?

Answer 8

Seminiferous tubules

Question 9

What produces androgens?

Answer 9

Leydig cells

Question 10

What does NOT stimulate uterine contractions in a pregnant mother

Answer 10

Progesterone

Question 11

What duct is not part of the male reproductive system?

Answer 11

Ureter

Question 12

Name a gland that is not part of the female reproductive system:

Answer 12

Bulbourethral gland

Question 13

The corpus luteum will develop to form the placenta. True or False

Answer 13

False

Question 14

Name the hormone that stimulates the cycling female mammal to be in ‘heat’?

Answer 14

Oestrogen

Question 15

During fertilisation the successful sperm penetrates the outer membrane of the ova. This is known as…

Answer 15

Zona pellucida

Question 16

What is blastocyst is comprised of..

Answer 16

Trophoblast and the inner cell mass

Question 17

What is not a mammalian placental type

Answer 17

Profuse

Question 18

State two specific functions of FSH during the oestrus cycle

Answer 18

Stimulates growth of ovarian follicles

Stimulates secretion of E2 from Graafian follicles

Question 19

State two specific functions of LH during the oestrus cycle

Answer 19

Causes ovulation

Stimulates formation of the CL

Question 20

State one specific function of PGF during oestrus cycle

Answer 20

Causes luteolysis

Question 21

What is the name of the temporary endocrine gland that secretes
progesterone?

Answer 21

Corpus Luteum

Question 22

A cycle is approximately 28 days in duration in regards to the estrous cycle: True or False

Answer 22

False

Question 23

Oestrogen inhibits parturition in regards to parturition: True or False

Answer 23

False

Question 24

What are the two roles Luteinising hormone

Answer 24

Causes ovulation

Stimulates the remnants of the burst follicle to form a corpus luteum

Question 25

What is the role of oxytocin

Answer 25

Stimulate uterine contractions at birth

Question 26

What is the role of Prostaglandin

Answer 26

Luteolysis

Question 27

What is the role gonadotrophin releasing hormone

Answer 27

Stimulates gonadotrophin release from pituitary

Question 28

State five roles of Howlers

Answer 28

``` Stimulate follicle growth in the uterus Stimulate cervical mucus which increase ovulation Contraction in urine during childbirth Leutenise sperm cells Ejaculation of milk ```

Question 29

Whats the function of the zona reaction?

Answer 29

Prevents polyspermy

Question 30

Capacitation involves biochemical changes to the acrosome: True or False

Answer 30

True

Question 31

What is the name of the outer layer of cells in a mammalian embryo at the stage when it contains two-types of cells and begins to form a placenta?

Answer 31

Trophoblast

Question 32

Gonadotrophin concentrations are low during pregnancy: True or False

Answer 32

True

Question 33

Oxytocin and PGF together amplify labour contractions during birth in farm animals such as sheep: True or False

Answer 33

True

Question 34

Name the hormone that cause uterine contractions at birth

Answer 34

Oxytocin

Question 35

Low E2 and high P4 concentrations maintain pregnancy, promote mammogenesis and inhibit lactogenesis: True or False

Answer 35

True

Question 36

Oxytocin stimulates colostrum secretion, regarding the initiation of lactogenesis: True or False

Answer 36

False

Question 37

Where is Oestrogen secretion from?

Answer 37

Graafian follicles

Question 38

Where does Oestrogen act on

Answer 38

Brain, ovarian follicles, uterus and cervix