reproduction and heredity

Question 1

genetic

Answer 1

the study of heredity

Question 2

gene

Answer 2

factors that control traits

Question 3

asexual reproduction

Answer 3

reproduction of a single cell organism that passes 100% DNA

Question 4

sexual reproduction

Answer 4

reproduction of 2 cell organism each passing 50%

Question 5

gamete

Answer 5

sex cell, egg/sperm, contains 50% of dna

Question 6

homozygous

Answer 6

when both alleles received are the same (AA, aa)

Question 7

heterozygous

Answer 7

when both versions of allele are present (Aa)

Question 8

genotype

Answer 8

an organisms genetic makeup or allele combination (AA, aa, Aa)

Question 9

phenotype

Answer 9

an organisms physical appearance

Question 10

natural selection

Answer 10

process which characteristics of something change in response to environment (adaptation)

Question 11

artificial selection

Answer 11

process where humans change traits of organism and are passed on

Question 12

mutation

Answer 12

permanent alteration in DNA sequence that makes up genes

Question 13

advantages of sexual reproduction

Answer 13

-increased diversity

Question 14

disadvantage for sexual reproduction

Answer 14

• requires 2 cells

- not efficient or quick

Question 15

advantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 15

• no outside forces

- efficient

Question 16

disadvantages of asexual reproduction

Answer 16

-has no diversity genetically

Question 17

forms of asexual reproduction

Answer 17

• spores (dots coming off mushroom)
• budding (thing grows off plant and falls and becomes a whole new plant)
• binary fission (one cell becomes two)
• fragmentation (starfish losses leg and regrows another leg)

Question 18

strategies and pollinating partner

Answer 18

nectar in tubes- hummingbird
strong odor- moth
brightly colored- bee

Question 19

strategy an animal uses to ensure survival of offspring

Answer 19

penguins- sit in egg to keep babies warm

Question 20

2 different ways mutations occur

Answer 20

• chemical/radiation

- dna miscopies

Question 21

positives in mutations

Answer 21

lactose tolerance -able to drink/eat dairy

Question 22

negative mutations

Answer 22

certain cancers- could be life threatening results

Question 23

neutral mutation

Answer 23

eye color- has no impact on physical appearance

Question 24

benefit and consequence of artificial selection

Answer 24

it can choose better traits but could make the organism lose natural survival abilities

Question 25

how do we use tech to artificially influence traits of organisms

Answer 25

by coding the dna faster so the results will given quicker