Reproductive Endocrinology Flashcards
(41 cards)
name two gonadotrophis
LH and FSH
which two reproductive hormones are common to both males and females
LH and FSH
Name the reproductive hormones of the female reproductive system (5)
- Gonadotrophin releasing hormone
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone
- Lutinizing hormone
- estradiol
- progresterone
What are the primary sexual hormone in females
Estrogen
- causes endometrial growth
- ovulation
- calcium absorption
estrogen
what are secondary sexual characteristics in the femal and which hormone are these influenced by
- breast development
- flaring of hips
- pubic hair
- muscle/fat ratio
Estrogen
What are three primary stages of the female reproductive system
- follicular
- ovulation
- luteal
True/False: LH and FSH are produced in the pituitary, and estradiol and progesterone are produced in the ovaries.
True
True/False: Estradiol and progesterone secreted from the corpus luteum cause the endometrium to thicken.
True
True/False: Both progesterone and estradiol are produced by the follicles.
False
True/False: Secretion of GnRH by the hypothalamus is inhibited by low levels of estradiol but stimulated by high levels of estradiol.
True
True/False: During the menstrual cycle, progesterone levels rise during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle and the secretory phase of the uterine cycle.
True
True/False: Menstruation occurs just after LH and FSH levels peak.
False
True/False: Menstruation occurs after progesterone levels drop.
True
True/False: Estrogen levels rise before ovulation, while progesterone levels rise after.
True
Which hormone causes Leydig cells to make testosterone?
FSH
LH
inhibin
estrogen
LH
Which hormone causes FSH and LH to be released?
testosterone
estrogen
GnRH
progesterone
GnRH
Which hormone signals ovulation?
FSH
LH
inhibin
estrogen
Estrogen
Which hormone causes the re-growth of the endometrial lining of the uterus?
testosterone
estrogen
GnRH
progesterone
progesterone
If male reproductive pathways are not cyclical, how are they controlled?
- Negative feedback through inhibin and testosterone
- Inhibin is produced by Sertoli cells when the sperm count exceeds set limits.
- The hormone inhibits GnRH and FSH, decreasing the activity of the Sertoli cells.
- Increased levels of testosterone affect the release of both GnRH and LH, decreasing the activity of the Leydig cells, resulting in decreased testosterone and sperm production.
Describe the events in the ovarian cycle leading up to ovulation.
- Low levels of progesterone allow the hypothalamus to send GnRH to the anterior pituitary and cause the release of FSH and LH.
- FSH stimulates follicles on the ovary to grow and prepare the eggs for ovulation.
- As the follicles increase in size, they begin to release estrogen and a low level of progesterone into the blood.
- The level of estrogen rises to a peak, causing a spike in the concentration of LH.
- This causes the most mature follicle to rupture and ovulation occurs.
True/False: Inhibin is produced by Seritoli cells
True
which hormone controls spermatogenesis and how?
- inhibin
- when the sperm count is too high inhibin inhibits the release of GnRH and FSH, which will cause spermatogenesis to slow down.
- If the sperm count reaches 20 million/ml, the Sertoli cells cease the release of inhibin, and the sperm count increases.
when levels of testosterone rise, testosterone inhibits
- the release of GnRH, FSH, and LH from the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary
