Reproductive Organs

Question 1

Ovary function

Answer 1

Produce oocyte/follicles/hormones

Question 2

Ovary blood supply

Answer 2

Ovarian artery, collateral flow from uterine vessels of internal iliac artery

Question 3

Ovary innervation

Answer 3

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); thoracic/abdominal sympathetic chain (T11-L1; sympathetic);
sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (sympathetic)

Question 4

Uterine tube function

Answer 4

Transports oocyte into uterus, common site of fertilization

Note: Implantation in uterine tube or anywhere not in the myometrium of the uterus=ectopic pregnancy

Question 5

Uterine tube blood supply

Answer 5

Ovarian artery, collateral flow from uterine vessels of internal iliac artery

Question 6

Uterine tube innervation

Answer 6

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); thoracic/abdominal sympathetic chain (T11-L1; sympathetic); sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (sympathetic)

Question 7

Uterus function

Answer 7

Supports development of infant from embryo to neonate

Note: Highly muscular and composed of numerous parts-fundus, body, and cervix. Endometrial lining proliferates and sheds regularly due to the actions of ovarian hormones. Pathway for pain innervation dependent on position relative to pelvic pain line-highly relevant for anesthesia

Question 8

Uterus blood supply

Answer 8

Uterine/vaginal branches of internal iliac artery

Question 9

Uterus innervation

Answer 9

Parasympathetic: Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4);
Sympathetic: abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2);

**Sensation pathways: **unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic),
Pain: (sympathetic in fundus and much of body, pelvic splanchnic in lower uterus/cervix)

Question 10

Cervix function

Answer 10

Superior part of birth canal

Note: Muscular part of uterus that protrudes into vagina

Question 11

Cervix blood supply

Answer 11

Uterine/vaginal branches of internal iliac artery

Question 12

Cervix innervation

Answer 12

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2 sympathetic); sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic)

Question 13

Vagina Function

Answer 13

Reception of sperm to uterus for fertilization, passage of infant during birth, passage of shed uterine lining during menstruation

Note: Muscle-walled canal, contains numerous mucous glands.

Question 14

Vagina blood supply

Answer 14

Uterine/vaginal branches of internal iliac artery

Question 15

Vagina innervation

Answer 15

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2 sympathetic); sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic)

Question 16

Labia Majora function

Answer 16

Protect the clitoris/urethral/vaginal openings

Note: Surrounds the labia minora forming outermost part of the vulva

Question 17

Labia majora blood supply

Answer 17

Internal pudendal artery

Question 18

Labia majora innervation

Answer 18

Pudendal nerve, genitofemoral nerve

Question 19

Labia minora function

Answer 19

Provides mechanical protection and secretes oils/mucus to protect the clitoris/urethral/vaginal openings

Note: Medial to labia majora-hairless. Surrounds the vestibule of the vagina, where the clitoris, urethral opening, and vaginal opening are located. Corpus spongiosum erectile tissue is deep to these structures

Question 20

Labia Minora blood supply

Answer 20

Internal pudendal artery

Question 21

Labia minora innervation

Answer 21

Pudendal nerve

Question 22

Clitoris function

Answer 22

Sexual arousal, sexual functioning

Note: Female analogue of penis. Made up of only corpus cavernosum (unlike penis which has 3 erectile bodies)-located at anterior apex of labia minora

Question 23

Clitoris blood supply

Answer 23

Internal pudendal artery

Question 24

Clitoris innervation

Answer 24

dorsal nerve of clitoris (via pudendal nerve)

Question 25

Testis function

Answer 25

Produce sperm

Question 26

Testis blood supply

Answer 26

Testicular artery

Question 27

Testis innervation

Answer 27

Possible vagus innervation and pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-S4; parasympathetic); thoracic sympathetic chain (T10-T11; sympathetic); sensation pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic or vagal), pain (sympathetic & genitofemoral nerve)

Question 28

Epididymis function

Answer 28

Site of sperm maturation Note: Lies on posterior testis

Question 29

Ductus deferens function

Answer 29

Transports sperm from epididymis of testis to the ejaculatory duct and prostatic urethra Note:Turns immediately medially when exiting deep ring

Question 30

Ductus deferens blood supply

Answer 30

Testicular artery and internal iliac artery

Question 31

Ductus deferens innervation

Answer 31

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4; parasympathetic), Abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2; sympathetic); unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic, genitofemoral)

Question 32

Prostate function

Answer 32

Produces components of semen Note: Surrounds urethra immediately inferior to bladder (prostatic urethra)

Question 33

Prostate blood supply

Answer 33

Branches of internal iliac artery to bladder

Question 34

Prostate innervation

Answer 34

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4; parasympathetic), Abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2; sympathetic); sensory pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic)

Question 35

Seminal vesicle function

Answer 35

Produces components of semen Note: Duct of seminal vesicle joins with ductus deferens to form ejaculatory duct, which exits into the prostatic urethra

Question 36

Seminal vesicle blood supply

Answer 36

Branches of internal iliac artery to bladder

Question 37

Seminal vesicle innervation

Answer 37

Pelvic splanchnic nerves (S2-4; parasympathetic), Abdominal sympathetic chain (L1-L2; sympathetic); sensory pathways: unconcious/reflex (pelvic splanchnic), pain (pelvic splanchnic)

Question 38

Scrotum function

Answer 38

Contains, supports, protects testes

Question 39

Scrotum blood supply

Answer 39

Branches of internal pudendal artery

Question 40

Scrotum innervation

Answer 40

Genitofemoral nerve, pudendal nerve

Question 41

Penis function

Answer 41

Delivery of sperm into vagina, sexual arousal/functioning, elimination of urine Note: Male analogue of clitoris. Contains 3 erectile bodies (2 corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum) which surround urethra. Base of penis is muscular (called the bulb) which contracts during ejaculation

Question 42

Penis blood supply

Answer 42

Internal pudendal artery

Question 43

Penis innervation

Answer 43

dorsal nerve of clitoris (via pudendal nerve)