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AP2 lab > reproductive system > Flashcards

reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

primary sex organs

A

testes, ovaries

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2
Q

gonads produce

A

gametes

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3
Q

male gonad hormone

A

androgen

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4
Q

female gonad hormones

A

estrogen, progesterone

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5
Q

testes are within the

A

scrotum

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6
Q

testes produce

A

sperm

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7
Q

scrotum is outside of the

A

abdominopelvic cavity

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8
Q

scrotum ___degrees lower than core body temp

A

3

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9
Q

why are the testes/scrotum located outside the body

A

lower temp needed for sperm production

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10
Q

testes divides into lobules via

A

septa

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11
Q

2 muscles in testes

A

dartos, cremaster

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12
Q

what do the dartos and cremaster do

A

move testes close and away from body for temp regulation

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13
Q

testes lobules contain ___ tubules

A

seminiferous

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14
Q

seminiferous tubules

A

site of sperm production and sertioli cells

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15
Q

store sperm until ejaculation

A

epididymus

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16
Q

what is cut during vasectomy

A

vas deferens

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17
Q

pathway of sperm
_____–>____–>____–>urethra

A

epididymus, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct

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18
Q

spermatogenesis occurs in

A

wall of seminiferous tubules

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19
Q

spermatogonia

A

stem cells

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20
Q

spermatogonia divide by ___ and develop by ____

A

mitosis, meiosis

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21
Q

spermatogonia divide into

A

spermatocytes

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22
Q

spermatocytes into

A

spermatids

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23
Q

spermatids mature into

A

spermatozoa

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24
Q

spermatogenesis requires what hormones

A

GnRH, FSH, LH, testosterone

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25
Q

male accessory sex glands

A

seminal glands, prostate, bulbourethral glands

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26
Q

male accessory sex glands contribute to making

A

seminal fluid

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27
Q

male copulatory organ

A

penis

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28
Q

three penile parts

A

root, shaft, glans penis

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29
Q

prepuce

A

foreskin

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30
Q

erectile tissues

A

corpus spongiosum, corpus cavernosa

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31
Q

3 regions of male urethra

A

prostate, membranous, spongey

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32
Q

male urethra opens at

A

external urethral oriface

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33
Q

females have ___ genitalia

A

internal

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34
Q

female genitalia located in

A

pelvic cavity

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35
Q

female duct system

A

uterine tubes, uterus, vagina

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36
Q

female gametes

A

ova, oocytes

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37
Q

estrogen 3 “types”

A

estradiol, estrone, estriol

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38
Q

female ovary regions

A

outer cortex, inner medulla

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39
Q

ovary cortex function

A

house forming gametes

40
Q

ovary medulla function

A

large blood vessels, nerves

41
Q

ovarian follicles

A

tiny saclike structures embedded in cortex

42
Q

oocyte surrounded by _____ if one cell layer is present ____ if more than one layer

A

follicle cells, granular cells

43
Q

follicle stage development name

A

primordial I, II, III

44
Q

antrum

A

cavity filled with fluid (female)

45
Q

ovulation

A

ejection of oocyte from ripening follicle

46
Q

corpus luteum develops from

A

ruptured follicle after ovulation

47
Q

site of fertilization

A

fallopian tubes

48
Q

regions of fallopian tubes

A

isthmus, ampulla, infundibulum

49
Q

constricted area where tube joins uterus

A

isthmus of fallopian tube

50
Q

ampulla of fallopian tube

A

distal end of tube that curves around ovary

51
Q

infundibulum of fallopian tube

A

distal expansion near ovary

52
Q

infundibulum of fallopian tube contains ____ that creates a current to move oocyte into uterine tube

A

ciliated fimbriae

53
Q

hollow thick muscular organ, receives retains and nourishes fertilized ovum

A

uterus

54
Q

regions of the uterus

A

body, fundus, isthmus, cervix1

55
Q

narrow neck projects into vagina

A

cervix

56
Q

supports the uterus

A

mesometrium, cardinal ligaments, uterosacral ligaments, round ligaments

57
Q

three layers of uterine wall

A

perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

58
Q

outermost serous layer of uterus

A

perimetrium

59
Q

middle, smooth muscle layer of uterus

A

myometrium

60
Q

mucosal lining uterus

A

endometrium

61
Q

what layer does the fertilized egg burrow and reside

A

endometrium

62
Q

2 layers of endometrium

A

stratum functionals, stratum basalis

63
Q

what sheds during menstruation

A

endometrium

64
Q

incomplete partition near vaginal orifice that ruptures with intercourse

A

hymen

65
Q

upper end of vagina surrounding cervix

A

vaginal fornix

66
Q

female external genitalia

A

vulva

67
Q

parts of vulva (6)

A

mons pubis, labia minora and majora, vestibule, clitoris, perineum

68
Q

fatty area overlying pubic symphysis

A

mons pubis

69
Q

hair covered, fatty skin folds

A

labia majora

70
Q

counterpart of male scrotum

A

labia majora

71
Q

skin folds laying within labia majora

A

labia minora

72
Q

recess within labia minora

A

vestibule

73
Q

ridge formed by joining posterior vestibule and labia minor

A

fourchette

74
Q

anterior to vestibule

A

clitoris

75
Q

diamond shaped region between pubic arch and coccyx

A

perineum

76
Q

mammary glands

A

milk production

77
Q

areola

A

pigmented skin surrounding nipple

78
Q

attach breast to underlying muscle

A

suspensory ligaments

79
Q

milk is passed into ____, then ____ that open to outside at the nipple

A

lactiferous tubules
lactiferous sinuses

80
Q

months ovarian and uterine cycles regulated by which hormones

A

GnRH, FSH, LH, estrogen, progesterone

81
Q

ovarian cycle

A

maturation of egg

82
Q

two consecutive phases of ovarian cycle

A

follicular phase, luteal phase

83
Q

follicular phase

A

period of follicle growth (days 1-14) stimulated by FSH

84
Q

luteal phase

A

period of corpus luteum activity (days 14-28), triggered by LH

85
Q

uterine cycle

A

changes in endometrium

86
Q

menstrual phase

A

days 1-5, shedding of stratum functionalis

87
Q

rebuilding of stratum functionals, stimulated by estrogen

A

proliferative phase

88
Q

secretory phase

A

days 15-28, enrichment of blood supply, granular secretion

89
Q

3 phases of menstrual cycle

A

menstrual, proliferative, secretory

90
Q

oogenesis

A

production of female gametes

91
Q

oogenesis begins at

A

fetal life

92
Q

oogonia multiply by

A

mitosis

93
Q

(oogenesis) ____ begin meiosis but stall in prophase I

A

primary oocytes

94
Q

at birth, females have

A

all possible primary oocytes

95
Q

secondary oocyte arrests in meiosis II and becomes

A

ovulated ovum

96
Q

if ovum is penetrated by sperm, second oocyte completes meiosis II yielding

A

ovum and second polar body

97
Q

oogenesis produces___ viable ovum within 3 polar bodies

A

one

AP2 lab (8 decks)

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