Reproductive System

Question 1

Male Reproductive System includes:

Answer 1

• Testes
• Ducts (Epididymis, Ductus, Deferens, Urethra)
• Accessory Glands (Seminal Vesicles, Prostate Gland, Bulbourethral Gland)
• Supporting Structures (Scrotum and Penis)

Question 2

Part of the male reproductive system that protects and holds the testes, which also regulates the temperature of the testes that is essential for producing sperm

Answer 2

Scrotum

Question 3

What is the primary sex organ (gonad) of male that is responsible for producing sperm?

Answer 3

Testes

Question 4

This is known as “sperm factories,” which produces the sperm and forms the Tubulus Rectus

Answer 4

Seminiferous Tubules

Question 5

Paired erectile tissue in the penis that is found in the sides of the penis

Answer 5

Corpora Cavernosa

Question 6

Erectile tissue in the penis that surrounds the urethra (spongy)

Answer 6

Corpus Spongiosum

Question 7

Which part in the male reproductive system transports the sperm from the Epididymis to the Urethra and is ligated in in the procedure of Vasectomy?

Answer 7

Ductus Deferens/Vas Deferens

Question 8

What carries the sperm from the Rete Testis to the epididymis

Answer 8

Efferent Ductules

Question 9

What is the site for sperm maturaton?

Answer 9

Epididymis

Question 10

An accessory gland in the male reproductive system that regulates the seminal fluid’s pH, making it more neutral?

Answer 10

Prostate Gland

Question 11

What are the ducts in the urethra?

Answer 11

• PROSTATIC URETHRA - passes through the prostate gland
• MEMBRANOUS URETHRA - passes through the pelvic floor and becomes the spongy urethra
• SPONGY URETHRA - extends to the penis

Question 12

What is the name of the procedure performed in the male that cuts and ligates the Ductus/Vas Deferens, in order to block the sperm from entering the semen, which is an effective birth control?

Answer 12

Vasectomy

Question 13

What is Dartos Muscle and its functions?

Answer 13

• A smooth muscle in the scrotum
• In cold temperature, this muscle contracts, making the scrotum firm and wrinkled, which reduces its size
• In hot temperature, this muscle relaxes, which makes the scrotum thin and loose

Question 14

What is Cremaster Muscle and its functions?

Answer 14

• A skeletal muscle in the scrotum
• In cold temperature, this muscle contracts, which pulls the testes closer to the body
• In hot temperature, this muscle relaxes to allow the testes to descent away from the body

Question 15

What hormone is responsible for the development of male sex organs and secondary sex characteristics?

Answer 15

Testosterone

Question 16

What are the effects of testosterone in the male reproductive system?

Answer 16

• Develops and maintains the male reproductive organs
• Enlarges the larynx
• Deepens the voice
• Hair growth in the pubic area, chin, and axillary part
• Increases the growth of bones and muscles strength

Question 17

What term refers to the inability to obtain or sustain an erection during sexual intercourse?

Answer 17

Erectile Dysfunction

Question 18

Cells where testosterone are secreted

Answer 18

Interstitial Cells

Question 19

Which hormone is responsible for the release of LH and FSH?

Answer 19

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)

Question 20

Female reproductive system includes:

Answer 20

Ovaries, Uterine Tubes, Uterus, Vagina, External Genitalia, and Mammary Glands

Question 21

Paired organs on each side of the Uterus, which are responsible for the release of eggs (ova)

Answer 21

Ovaries

Question 22

What is Uterine Tube and its functions?

Answer 22

• Also known as fallopian tube
• Transports the egg from the ovary to the uterus
• Site for fertilization

Question 23

Which part of the uterine tube where fertilization usually happens?

Answer 23

Ampulla

Question 24

A female reproductive organ that consists of fundus, body, and cervix

Answer 24

Uterus

Question 25

What are the layers of the uterine wall?

Answer 25

- PERIMETRIUM - outer layer - MYOMETRIUM - middle layer and is responsible for the bulk of the uterine wall - ENDOMETRIUM - sheds during menstruation

Question 26

Female copulatory organ that connects the cervix to the vestibule

Answer 26

Vagina

Question 27

It covers the opening of the vagina, which can be stretched/torn during the first intercourse

Answer 27

Hymen

Question 28

What is the area called between the vagina and the anus?

Answer 28

Clinical Perineum

Question 29

A modified sweat gland located in the breasts that is responsible for milk production

Answer 29

Mammary Glands

Question 30

What is the circular, pigmented part of the nipple that gives color to it?

Answer 30

Areola

Question 31

This is the space where both vagina and urethra opens

Answer 31

Vestibule

Question 31

Which part of the external genitalia covers the vestibule and forms the prepuce?

Answer 31

Labia Minora

Question 31

What are the three phases of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 31

Menstrual, Proliferation, and Secretory Phase

Question 31

What is the term used to describe the first menstrual period of female?

Answer 31

Menarche

Question 32

Phase in the menstrual cycle where the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is sloughed off, which results in bleeding. This is the result of drop in progesterone levels, which triggers the endometrium to shed.

Answer 32

Menstrual Phase (days 1-5)

Question 33

The phase in the menstrual cycle where the endometrium rebuilds and thickens. Estrogen level rises, which causes the endometrium to become thicker. Typically occurs between the end of menstruation and ovulation.

Answer 33

Proliferation Phase (days 6-14)

Question 34

The phase in the menstrual cycle that occurs after ovulation and before the next menstruation. The corpus luteum secretes progesterone and a little amount of estrogen, which causes the endometrium to be ready for implantation.

Answer 34

Secretory Phase (days 14-28)

Question 35

Phase where the secondary oocyte is released in one of the ovaries

Answer 35

Ovulation

Question 36

What is the process called where sperm cell combines with secondary oocyte, in order to form a zygote

Answer 36

Fertilization

Question 37

Mitosis and Meiosis

Answer 37

MITOSIS - Asexual reproduction - For growth and maintenance - One division - Produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells - Diploid MEIOSIS - Sexual reproduction - Produces gametes (sperm and egg cells) - 2 divisions - Produces 4 genetically unique daughter cells - Haploid

Question 38

What are the cells that triggers the seminiferous tubules to produce sperm?

Answer 38

- LEYGDIG CELLS: produces testoterone - SEROLI CELLS: produces androgen binding protein - these two combines, which promotes sperm production.

Question 39

What is the secretion of bulbourethral gland?

Answer 39

it neutralizes the acidic pH of the urethra by providing a mucus. this also provides a small amount of lubrication that reduces the acidity of the vagina during sexual intercourse