Reproductive system

Question 1

what is the sequence of sperm travel from production to ejaculation (7 tubes/ducts from testes to ejaculation)

Answer 1

1. Seminiferous tubules
2. rete testes (network),
3. efferent ducts
4. epididymis
5. vas deferens
6. ejaculatory duct (in prostate) 7. urethra

Question 2

what is the role of testosterone at puberty

Answer 2

1.stimulate anabolism ( MSK & protein growth),
2. hair growth patterns 3.lowering of voice
4. development of libido

Question 3

What are the 3 accessory male reproductive glands

Answer 3

Prostate,
Seminal vesicles
Bulbourethral (Cowpers) gland

Question 4

list the cells in the sequence of spermatogenesis

Answer 4

spermatogonia (2n)
primary spermatocyte (2n)
secondary spermatocyte (n)
spermatid (n)
spermatozoa (n)

Question 5

What are the main parts of a spermatozoa

Answer 5

HEAD acrosome (cap filled with enzymes) & nucleus.

TAIL middle piece (mitochondria), principal piece & end piece

Question 6

What is in semen

Answer 6

SPERM
SEMINAL FLUID (secretions of seminiferous tubules, seminal vesicles, prostate and cowpers glands)

Question 7

what is the role of the parasympathetic neurones in the penile erection

Answer 7

stimulation causes the release of nitric oxide which dilates blood vessels (causing erection)

Question 8

What is the role of sympathetic stimulation in the penile response

Answer 8

ejaculation

Question 9

What is the action of FSH on the testes?

Answer 9

stimulates spermatogenic cells to produce sperm

Question 10

What is the action of LH on the testes

Answer 10

LH stimulates interstitial (Leydig cells) to secrete testosterone.

Question 11

Which 2 hormones stimulate sperm production

Answer 11

FSH and testosterone

Question 12

What are the 3 areas of the uterus called

Answer 12

fundus, body and cervix

Question 13

What is the name of the tubes that carry eggs to the uterus

Answer 13

Fallopian tubes

Question 14

Which part of the fallopian tube is the site of fertilisation

Answer 14

ampulla

Question 15

What stage of oogenesis happens before birth

Answer 15

oogonium (2n) divide by mitosis to become primary oocytes (2n)

Question 16

What stage of oogenesis happens just after puberty to make secondary oocyte

Answer 16

primary oocytes complete meiosis I to make secondary oocyte(n) and first polar body (n)

Question 17

what are the stages of maturation of the primordial follicle

Answer 17

Primordial follicle
Antral/secondary follicle
Graafian follicle

Question 18

What happens to the Graafian follicle at fertilisation

Answer 18

It becomes the corpus luteum

Question 19

What hormones are produced by the corpus luteum

Answer 19

Progesterone and oestrogen (until the placenta takes over)

Question 20

What is the role of the secondary oocyte

Answer 20

This is the egg that gets fertilised to form the ovum

Question 21

When does meiosis II occur

Answer 21

after fertilisation: the oocyte splits into an ovum and second polar body

Question 22

What does the Graafian follicle become if there is no ovulation

Answer 22

Corpus albican

Question 23

Which 4 hormones directly regulate the female reproductive system

Answer 23

Follicle-stimulating hormone, Luteinising hormone, Oestrogen, Progesterone

Question 24

Where are FSH and LH produced

Answer 24

Anterior pituitary

Question 25

What hormone stimulates FSH and LH release

Answer 25

GnRH (Gonadotrophin releasing hormone) from hypothalamus

Question 26

Whats is the role of FSH on the ovary

Answer 26

stimulates growing follicles

Question 27

What is the action of LH on the ovary

Answer 27

stimulates ovulation and the corpus luteum

Question 28

At what life stage does follicle maturation begin

Answer 28

puberty

Question 29

what type of cell division creates the half-chromosome set (n) of the egg and sperm

Answer 29

meiosis

Question 30

what is the function of inhibin

Answer 30

Inhibits FSH Inhibits spermatogenesis

Question 31

which cells produce inhibin

Answer 31

sertoli cells of testes granulosa cells of ovary

Question 32

What body cavity tissue is the perimetrium part of

Answer 32

peritoneum

Question 33

Name the four stages of the menstrual cycle and the cycle days when each occurs

Answer 33

Menstrual -day1-5 Proliferative day 6-14 (Ovulation day 14) Luteal/ Secretory day 15-28

Question 34

name the stage of the female cycle, when progesterone is lowest and the stage when is it highest

Answer 34

menstrual- lowest luteal highest

Question 35

Name the stage of the female cycle stage when oestrogen is lowest and the stage when it is highest

Answer 35

ovulation -highest (also high at end of luteal phase) menstrual day 1- lowest

Question 36

Which 3 hormones are highest at ovulation

Answer 36

oestrogen FSH LH

Question 37

Which hormone triggers ovulation

Answer 37

LH