Reproductive System Flashcards
What structures are part of the female reproductive system?
Ovaries
Ovum
Labia majora
Labia minora
Bulb of vestibule
Clitoris
Paraurethral glands
Greater vestibular glands
What structures are part of the male reproductive system?
Testes
Sperm cell
Scrotum
Spongy urethra
Corpus spongiosum penis and bulb of penis
Glans penis and corpora cavernosa
Prostate
Bulbourethral glands
What is the role of the ovaries?
Primary functions are to produce games (oocytes) and secrete hormones (eg. estrogen, progesterone, relaxin)
What is the role of the Uterine (fallopian) Tubes?
Provide a passageway for sperm and zygotes
What is the role of the uterus?
Provides a passageway for sperm from the vagina to the uterine tubes and also serves as a site for implantation
What is the role of the vagina?
Receives the penis during intercourse and also serves as the passageway for the baby during childbirth
What is the role of the mammary glands?
Primary function is to produce and secrete milk (lactation) which provides nourishment for a newborn
What is the role of the testes?
Primary functions are to produce gametes (sperm cells) and secrete testosterone
What is the role of the duct system?
Transport, store and assist in the maturation of sperm cells
What is the role of the epididymis?
Consists of the tightly coiled (6m long) duct epididymis, inside which sperm cells undergo their final stages of maturation and are stored
What is the role of the seminal vesicle?
Secrete an alkaline fluid that:
-Provides nourishment for sperm cells
-Helps semen coagulate after ejaculation
-Neutralizes acid in the female reproductive tract
What is the role of the Bulbourethral Gland?
Secretes an alkaline fluid into the urethra during sexual arousal that lubricates the lining of the urethra during intercourse
What is the role of the Prostate Gland?
Secretes a milky fluid into the urethra that:
-Provides nourishment for sperm cells
-Eventually breaks down clotting proteins that cause semen to coagulate
-Kills bacteria in the female reproductive tract
What is the role of the penis?
Delivers semen to the female reproductive tract (and voids urine)
What is the role of the scrotum?
Thin layer of skin and subcutaneous tissue that hangs from the root of the penis and supports the testes
What is the function of estrogen and progesterone?
Help regulate the menstrual cycle
Stimulate the development of female reproductive tissues and organs
Stimulate the development of the female secondary sex characteristics (eg. deposition of adipose tissue in the breasts and hips, hair growth)
Prepare the uterus for implantation and maintains pregnancy
Prepare mammary glands for lactation
What is the function of testosterone?
Helps to regulate sperm production
Stimulates development of the male reproductive tissues and organs
Stimulates the development of male secondary sex characteristics (eg. muscular and skeletal growth, hair growth, increased sebaceous gland secretions, enlargement of the larynx)
What is the function of the female reproductive system?
Produce and secrete hormones: estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin
Produces and stores gametes: oocytes
Facilitate fertilization, fetal development, childbirth and nourishment of the newborn
What is the function of the male reproductive system?
Produce and secrete hormones: testosterone
Produces and stores gametes: sperm cells
