Reproductive System

Question 1

What is the function of the testes?

Answer 1

Contains hundreds of seminiferous tubules in which walls the spermatozoa develop

Question 2

What the function of the scrotum?

Answer 2

Contains testes and holds them at varying distances from the body dependent on environmental temp.

Question 3

What is the function of the epididymis?

Answer 3

6m long

Sperm stay here 10-14 days and complete their development

Question 4

What is the function of the vas deferens?

Answer 4

45cm long

Stored sperm and conveys then to urethra

Question 5

What are the functions of the prostate gland?

Answer 5

Adds Citric acid, phosphatase and prostaglandins- give superb viability, allowing them to swim

Question 6

What is the function of the seminal vesicle?

Answer 6

Rich in fructose for energy

Neutralises acid pH of vagina fluids

Question 7

What is the function of the penis?

Answer 7

Introduces seminal fluid into vagina

Question 8

What components make up the sperm

Answer 8

Acrosomal cap, nucleus, mitochondria and tail

Question 9

What is the function of the acrosomal cap?

Answer 9

Specialised lysosome which releases enzymes, enabling the sperm to the egg

Question 10

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 10

Contains 23 chromosomes

Question 11

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Answer 11

Site of aerobic respiration

Produces energy for movement

Question 12

What is the function of the tail?

Answer 12

Propels sperm towards ovum

Question 13

What is the function of the vagina?

Answer 13

Receives seminal fluid

Question 14

What is the function of the cervix?

Answer 14

Produces 20-60ml mucous per day- thins at ovulation

Mucous forms a viscous plug that impedes the entry of sperm into the cervix

Question 15

What is the function of the ovary?

Answer 15

Ova production

Meiosis starts before birth- only completed at fertilisation

Question 16

What is the function of the Fallopian tube?

Answer 16

Provides route for passage of ovum from ovary to uterus

Fertilisation occurs here

Question 17

What is the function of the uterus ?

Answer 17

3 layers

1) endometrium- implantation occurs
2) myometrium- consists of smooth muscle, active at birth
3) perimetrium

Question 18

What are the 6 steps of spermatogenesis?

Answer 18

1) primordial germ cells of embryonic testes differentiate into spermatogonia
2) spermatogonia undergo repeated mitotic divisions, producing primary spermatocytes
3) 1st meiotic division- primary spermatocyte develops into 2 secondary spermatocytes (containing 23 chromosomes each)
4) 2nd meiotic division- 4 spermatids are produced (immature sperm)
5) spermiogenesis- spermatids develop into mature sperm involving elongation, developing head (acrosome) and tail
6) further maturation of the sperm occurs in epididymis of the testes

Question 19

What is the function of ciliated columnar epithelium?

Answer 19

Helps to transport the ovum from ovaries to the uterus in each cycle

Question 20

What is the function of the leydig cells?

Answer 20

Testosterone-secreting cells occurring in clusters within interstitial tissue (stroma) of the testes

Question 21

What is the function of he uterus?

Answer 21

Hollow muscular organ for female reproductive system

Responsible for development of embryo and fetus during pregnancy

Question 22

What is the function of the scrotal sac?

Answer 22

Loose pouch- like sac containing muscles

Varying distances from body

Question 23

What is the function of the endometrium?

Answer 23

Becomes a thick, blood vessel-rich glandular tissue layer during menstrual cycle

Provides optimum environment for implantation of the blastocyst