Reproductive system

Question 1

prostate gland

Answer 1

secretes fluid that protects and nourishes sperm

Question 2

bolbourethral gland

Answer 2

cleanses and lubricates urethra before ejactualtion

Question 3

oestrogen

Answer 3

female sex hormone responsible for sexual characteristics and stimulates the growth of the uterine lining

Question 4

spermatogenesis

Answer 4

sperm production

Question 5

Oogenesis

Answer 5

egg production

Question 6

gonads

Answer 6

sex organs

Question 7

epididymis

Answer 7

the portion of the male duct that sperm mature in.

Question 8

progesterone

Answer 8

causes endomentrial glands to release nutrients into uterine cavity

Question 9

vas deferens

Answer 9

the duct that brings the sperm from the testes to the seminal vesicles.

Question 10

uterus

Answer 10

recieves, retains and nourishes fertilized egg

Question 11

seminal vesicle

Answer 11

makes 70% of semen content

Question 12

follicle stimulating hormone FSH

Answer 12

male and female sex hormone that causes the development of the follicle in the ovary and stimulates the the production of sperm

Question 13

endometrium

Answer 13

uterine lining

Question 14

luteinising hormone LH

Answer 14

released from the anterior pituitary gland (male and female) and stimulates the release of an egg and the release of testosterone

Question 15

testosterone

Answer 15

enhances sperm production and male sexual characteristics

Question 16

Fallopian tubes

Answer 16

the tube through which the ovum is transported to the uterus

Question 17

menstrual cycle days 1-5

Answer 17

a decreased level of progesterone and oestrogen at the end of the cycle causes the thickened endomentrial walls to shred. Therefore a period happens.

Question 18

uterine cycle- proliferative stage days 6-14

Answer 18

FSH is released from anterior pituitary gland. FSH causes the maturation of follicle in ovary. A mature follicle is called a graafian folicle. Oestrogen prepares the uterus lining for receiving the fertilised egg, by thickening the wall, becoming velevety and icreasing blood supply. At the end of proliferative stage LH is released by anterior pituitary causing realease off egg, this is known as ovulation.

Question 19

Uterine cycle- Secretory Phase

Answer 19

Once ovulation has taken place the emptied follicle, now called a corpus luteum dramatically increases progesterone production. Progesterone hormone is responsible for maintaining the lining of the uterus wall for reception of fertilized egg and causes endometrial glands to secrete nutrients into uterine cavity. If no fertilisation takes place the corpus luteum degenerates and thus oestrogen and progesterone levels decrease, leading back to day one of cycle.

Question 20

FSH in men

Answer 20

effects semifinerous tubule, produces sperm

Question 21

LH in men

Answer 21

testes (intersitial cells) produces testosterone

Question 22

What is a gonad?

Answer 22

The primary sex organ, or gonad, is where gametes are produced - the testes in males and the
ovaries in females.

Question 23

What is meant by haploid and diploid?

Answer 23

Cells which have two sets of 23 chromosomes (2n) are diploid (nearly all the cells of the body),
whereas a haploid (n) cell contains only one set of 23 chromosomes (only the gametes).

Question 24

Which two anterior pituitary hormones stimulate the production of steroid hormones in the
gonads?

Answer 24

In both males and females, the two gonadotropins are follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and
luteinising hormone (LH). Both stimulate the gonads.

Question 25

Describe the anatomical structures of the female reproductive system.

Answer 25

The primary sex organ is the ovary. This matures and releases an ovum into the fallopian tube for transportation to the uterus. The uterus connects to the birth canal via the cervix. The uterus can be prepared for implantation of a fertilised ovum, and can become a suitable environment for gestation of a foetus.

Question 26

Describe the stages of the ovarian cycle.

Answer 26

A primary follicle is selected to mature during each cycle. FSH stimulates the maturation in approximately 14 days, producing a mature Graafian follicle. Ovulation occurs when the mature follicle ruptures to release the secondary oocyte. The ruptured follicle remains in the ovary as the corpus luteum – this is viable for 14 days if no pregnancy ensues.

Question 27

Where is the preferred site of fertilisation?

Answer 27

is in the fallopian tube.

Question 28

layers of uterus

Answer 28

inner lining-endometrium middle layer- myometrium, muscular- smooth muscle outer layer-serous layer, thin

Question 29

The site of sperm production in males is in the:

Answer 29

seminiferous tubules.

Question 30

The anatomical site of gamete formation in a male is the

Answer 30

testes

Question 31

During the proliferative stage of the menstrual cycle…

Answer 31

The level of oestrogen in the blood rises.

Question 32

The corpus luteum:

Answer 32

produces both oestrogen and progesterone.

Question 33

ovum is egg

Answer 33

and is female gamete