Reptilian Medicine

Question 1

Divided into 4 orders: Chelonia, Crocodylia, Rhyncocephalia, and Squamata

Answer 1

Reptilia

Question 2

Turtles

Answer 2

Chelonians

Question 3

Crocs, gators, caimans

Answer 3

Crocodylia

Question 4

Tuatara

Answer 4

Rhyncocephalia

Question 5

Snakes and lizards

Answer 5

Squamata

Question 6

Snakes

Answer 6

Serpentes

Question 7

Lizards

Answer 7

Saurians

Question 8

Rely on environmental temp to cool/warm their body

“Cold blooded”

Answer 8

Ectothermic

Question 9

Egg laying

Answer 9

Oviparous

Question 10

Gives birth to live young

Answer 10

Viviparous

Question 11

Eggs hatch within the female then give birth to live young

Answer 11

Ovoviviparous

Question 12

Reproduce without a male

Answer 12

Parthenogenesis

Question 13

Dorsal shell of turtles

Made of 50 bones

Answer 13

Carapace

Question 14

Ventral shell of turtles made of 9 bones

Answer 14

Plastron

Question 15

Common emptying chamber

Answer 15

Cloaca

Question 16

Keratinized epithelium (scale-like structure) covering bones of the shell

Answer 16

scute

Question 17

WBC unique to reptiles that have the same function as heterophils

Answer 17

Azurophils

Question 18

WBC that replace neutrophils

Answer 18

Heterophils

Question 19

Eyelids fuse together to form a transparent spectacle

AKA ocular scale

Answer 19

Brille

Question 20

Elongated and very mobile

Contributes greatly to their ability to swallow large prey items

Answer 20

Quadrate bone

Question 21

Normal shedding

Answer 21

ecdysis

Question 22

Inability to shed skin normally and completely

Answer 22

Disecdysis

Question 23

“Jacobson’s organ”
Connected to the oral cavity that allows the snake to pick up scents
Oral cavity to the olfactory bulb

Answer 23

Vomeronasal sense

Question 24

“Third eye” that facilitates hormone production and thermoregulation

Answer 24

Parietal eye

Question 25

Improper Ca/Phosphorus ratio C/S: anorexia, deformed shell Tx: diet correction

Answer 25

Metabolic Bone Disease

Question 26

#1 preventable dz with diet and UV light

Answer 26

MBD

Question 27

Infection of the shell involving loss of scutes Wet or Dry Tx: topical for mild cases and systemic Abx for more severe cases

Answer 27

Shell rot

Question 28

Deposition of uric acid that's caused by kidney dz, dehydration, and increases in protein C/S: lethargy, swollen joints, and anorexia Dx: serum uric acid levels Tx: unrewarding; euth is recommended

Answer 28

Gout

Question 29

Can be caused by poor diet, oversized eggs, small enclosures, wrong substrate, or stress

Answer 29

Egg binding

Question 30

Common problem, but pathenogenesis is not completely understood (could be linked to low Vit A) May be because of no external opening and can't drain Sx required in most cases

Answer 30

Aural abscess

Question 31

Inflammation of the oral cavity caused by bacteria, fungus, or trauma AKA mouth rot

Answer 31

Stomatitis

Question 32

C/S: conjunctivitis, blepharitis, nasal discharge, dyspnea, and ear abscesses Tx: Vitamin A and diet correction

Answer 32

Hypovitaminosis A

Question 33

One of the most common presentations but difficult to assess | Related to husbandry

Answer 33

Resp dz

Question 34

Zoonotic bacterial infx | No effective way to eliminate this from the intestinal flora

Answer 34

Salmonellosis

Question 35

When it comes to housing, terrestrial species should have more ____________ space

Answer 35

horizontal

Question 36

When it comes to housing, arboreal species should have more _____________ space

Answer 36

vertical

Question 37

Small, oval, nucleated cells

Answer 37

Thrombocytes

Question 38

When collecting blood from a turtle, this is the best route

Answer 38

Jugular

Question 39

When collecting blood from the jugular in a turtle, you should collect

Answer 39

cranial to caudal

Question 40

What color tube should you use for blood collection?

Answer 40

Green | Lithium heparin

Question 41

How many chambers do reptilian hearts have?

Answer 41

3

Question 42

Primary nitrogenous waste

Answer 42

Uric acid

Question 43

To sex a snake, you should use this technique

Answer 43

Cloacal probing

Question 44

If the snake is a male, the probe will

Answer 44

travel further

Question 45

Primary injection site and blood draws

Answer 45

Tail vein

Question 46

Ability to shed the tail as a distraction technique

Answer 46

Tail autonomy

Question 47

Some species of ____________ practice parthenogenesis

Answer 47

saurians

Question 48

This technique is unreliable for sexing in saurians

Answer 48

Cloacal probing