Republican Rule 1649-53

Question 1

What was the rump Parliament

Answer 1

The name given to parliament after it was purged in December 1648

Question 2

Give some examples of the rumps reforms

Answer 2

In 1615 and bought an end to compulsory attendance of church

Question 3

What was the armies main problem with the rump

Answer 3

It’s failure to produce constitutional reform

Question 4

Why was Ireland a problem

Answer 4

It remains largely catholic Catholics had been a problem for England and after the regicide some Irish supported Charles Stuart

Question 5

When did Cromwell land in Ireland and why

Answer 5

In August 1649 to put down rebellion and punish the Catholics for the 1641 .
he also wanted to exploit it financially

Question 6

Why were Drogheda and Wexford so controversial

Answer 6

Because they had such high numbers of civilian casualties and seemed to present Cromwell as a tyrant

Question 7

Why did Cromwell return from Ireland

Answer 7

To prepare to meet the threat from Scotland following their support for Charles Stuart

Question 8

What agreement to Charles Stewart accept with Argyll

Answer 8

He accepted the covenant

Question 9

What happened at Dunbar on 3 September 1650

Answer 9

Cromwell defeated a larger Scottish army. some 3000 Scots were killed and 10,000 captured.
No more than 20 of the new model Army were killed

Question 10

What did this for us Charles Stuart to do

Answer 10

Invade England with what Scottish forces he could get

Question 11

What was England’s reaction to Charles Stuart

Answer 11

Few rallied to support him perhaps because they knew he would not win

Question 12

Why did the Dutch appear to be natural allies

Answer 12

They were Protestant

They had a greater degree of religious toleration

Question 13

How was there conflict between the Dutch and English

Answer 13

Holland have a merchant class that was strongly republican that were opposed by the orangist party led by William of Orange.
The orangists made royalist exiles welcome.
There were escalating clashes at sea and telephone able engagement between Von Trump and England’s Blake.
This resulted in full-scale war

Question 14

What was the main undercurrent of this war

Answer 14

Economic competition over trading rights

Question 15

How did the Dutch war create army resentment

Answer 15

The money spent on the Navy
The Navy being used as a political counterweight to the army
Fighting another protestant republic

Question 16

How did the levellers react

Answer 16

They denounced the rump.
Lilburne attacked the grandees for betraying what people had fought for.
He appealed to the nation to reject the rule of what he regarded as a self seeking council of state and a puppet Parliament

Question 17

Why were the levellers regarded as a threat by the grandees

Answer 17

The alliance of army leaders and levellers had collapsed before the Kings execution
They also disagreed on the amount of religious freedom is that should be allowed

Question 18

Why would the diggers significant despite their failure

Answer 18

Because of the foundations they laid for future

radicals

Question 19

Why was the rump so Conservative

Answer 19

The conservatism of MPs
Economic factors
Security situation
Bulwark against radicals
Fear of radical religious groups
The Dutch war

Question 20

What to keep problems did the interregnum regimes face

Answer 20

Conservative demands for a return to political normality set against a radical minority especially in the army.
The relationship between Parliament and the new model Army was fragile

Question 21

What decision did Cromwell make after the victory at Dunbar

Answer 21

He wrote to urge the Rump to reform and eventually Cromwell and the army made the decision to remove the rump

Question 22

Why did Cromwell remove the rump

Answer 22

The cutting of the army budget
Parliamentary control of army commands
Preventing the ungodly returning to political power
His own vision of a godly nation and political settlement

Question 23

What was Cromwell not interested in

Answer 23

Being a military dictator because as a political Conservative he sort another parliament as a means of settlement

Question 24

How was the Parliament of saints chosen

Answer 24

They were nominated rather than elected

Question 25

Give all the names for the Parliament of the saints

Answer 25

The nominated assembly and the barebones Parliament

Question 26

How was the nominated assembly ahead of its time

Answer 26

The reform of the law on debt
More humane treatment of the insane
Civil registration of births deaths and marriages
Tougher measures against steeves and Highwayman

Question 27

Despite it being ahead of its time how was the nominated assembly unsuccessful

Answer 27

None of these measures were too radical to frighten moderates. There was some that wanted
to go further

Question 28

Why were religious radicals a threat to the nominated assembly? give examples

Answer 28

Despite they’re not being many of them they were well organised.
They voted to abolish Chancery, to abolish lay patronage of church living and desire to get rid of the tithes

Question 29

Why were the fifth monarchists actions a problem

Answer 29

Alienated moderates in and outside the assembly including Cromwell

Question 30

Why did Cromwell disbands the assembly. Needs quotes.

Answer 30

He said it would result in “the subversion of your laws and of all the liberties of this nation… In a word, the confusion of all things”