Required Practicals

Question 1

Measure wave speed (ripple tank)

Answer 1

Equipment
- water
- ruler
- lamp
Notes
- Dipper connected to Signal generator of set frequency produces water waves at this frequency
- shadow lines cast by waves, Distance between each shadow line = 1 wavelength
- To find average wavelength measure distance between shadow lines that are ten wavelengths apart and divide by ten.
Wave speed = f x wavelength

Question 2

Investigating IR Radiation

Answer 2

Equipment
- heat proof mat
- fixed distances
- Leslie cube
- IR detector
Notes
- fill Leslie cube ( watertight metal cube whose four faces have different surfaces) with hot water.
- IR detector measures IR radiation emitted from each surface of cube.
- More irradiation detected from black surfaces than white ones.
- more irradiation detected from Matte surfaces than shiny ones.
IV = surface of cube
DV = amount of IR radiation
CV = distance from cube and temp

Question 3

Specific Heat capacity

Answer 3

Equipment
- power supply ( set PD)
- ammeter
- heater
- thermometer
- block of material
- insulation
Steps
1. Turn on power supply
2. Measure temp every minute for 10 minutes
3. Calculate power with P = VI
4. For every minute calculate energy transferred with E = Pt
5. Plot graph ( energy transferred/J on bottom and temp/*c top) with gradient
6. Specific heat capacity = 1/gradient x mass of block

Question 4

Thermal insulators

Answer 4

1. Measure mass of hot water ( use same mass each time)
2. Measure initial temp
3. Wrap in insulation and seal with lid
4. Wait five minutes
5. Remove lid, measure final temp
6. Realest with either different materials or different thicknesses
   THE LOWER THE TEMP CHANGE THE BETTER THE THERMAL INSULATION.
   Temp change = initial temp - final temp

Question 5

Density of solids - Regular solid

Answer 5

1. Measure with ruler
2. Calculate volume using relevant formula for shape.
3. Density = mass/ volume

Question 6

Density of solids - irregular solid

Answer 6

1. Use eureka can to find volume
2. Measure mass by using a balance
3. Density = mass/volume

Question 7

Investigating springs

Answer 7

1. Measure natural length of spring with ruler
2. Add mass to spring ( causing it to extend)
3. Calculate force and extension
   Force = weight of masses = mg
   Extension = new length - natural length
4. Add another mass and calculate new force and extension.
5. Repeat for at least 6 masses.