Research Flashcards
Randomized Controlled Trial
Studies that measure the effect of an intervention by randomly assigning groups or individuals to either an intervention group or control group; difficult in SW as it could be unethical to withhold treatment
Quasi-Experimental Design
Typically identified as being void of randomization of either subjects or treatment and/or the lack of comparison groups
Single Subject Design
Subject serves as his/her own control, rather than using another individual/group; Start with baseline measure, conduct intervention, and then measure again
Retrospective Design
Participants asked to retrospect (look back) and try to remember what they were like at an earlier time point
Cross-Sectional Design
Collect data at a single point in time from participants of different ages.
Longitudinal Design
Same people are measured at different ages (ex: follow development of babies with DD)
Cross-Sequential Design
Combination of cross-sectional and longitudinal designs; at first time point, groups from several ages are measured and then group is followed over time
Validity
Degree to which the tool measures what it claims to measure
Internal Validity
Confidence that can be placed in the cause-and-effect relationship in a study
External Validity
Extent to which an effect in research can be generalized to other populations, settings, and treatment variables
Concurrent Validity
The extent to which the results of a particular measurement correspond to those of a previously established measurement for the same construct
Predictive Validity
Testing a group of subjects for a certain construct, and then comparing them with results obtained at some point in the future
Reliability
Overall consistency of a measure; higher reliability indicates a measure will produce statistically similar results under consistent experimental conditions
