research methods Flashcards
What is Independent Group Design?
Participants are divided into two groups. One group does the experiment with variable 1, the other group does the experiment with variable 2. Results are compared.
What is Repeated Measures Group Design?
Participants are not divided into groups. Instead, all participants do the experiment with variable 1, then afterwards the same participants do the experiment with variable 2. Results are compared.
What is Matched Pairs design?
Participants are selected. Then, the researchers recruit another group of participants one-by-one to match the characteristics of each member of the original group.
What is a Laboratory experiment?
An experiment conducted in an artificial, controlled environment.
- controlled environment but can lack ecological validity
What is a Field experiment?
An experiment carried out in a natural, real-world environment
- increased ecological validity but ethical issues
What is a natural experiment?
An experiment where the variable changes naturally and researcher studies the effects
what is a quasi experiment?
An experiment that compares between two variables that cannot be changed
what is random sampling?
when a researcher randomly selects participants from a list, out of a hat or randomly-generated choice by computer.
what is stratified sampling?
when the population is divided into subgroups and weighted based on demographic characteristics of the population
what is cluster sampling?
clusters of participants within the population of interest are selected at random, followed by data collection from all individuals in each cluster.
what is quota sampling?
Interviewers are given a quota of a particular demographic.
what is systematic sampling?
Individuals are selected for the sample at regular intervals from a list of the
population. The intervals are determined by the number required for the sample.
