Research methods Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is a natural experiment?
IV occurs naturally
Evaluation of natural experiment
+ useful for studying groups of people who are hard to find
- hard to control
What is a field experiment?
real world situation
Evaluation of field experiment
+ high ecological validity
- deception, no debrief or consent
What is a lab experiment?
highly controlled environment
Evaluation of lab experiment
+ standardised procedure - reliable
- risk of demand characteristics
What is the IV?
the one you change
What is the DV?
the one you measure
What are extraneous variables?
other variables which may impact a study - e.g participant or situational variables
What is a hypothesis?
a predictive statement about the outcome of the experiment
What is the alternative hypothesis?
predicting there WILL be a significant difference between 2 conditions
What is the null hypothesis?
predicting there WON’T be a significant difference between 2 conditions
What is a directional/one tailed hypothesis?
predicts what results will show
What is a non-directional/two-tailed hypothesis?
predicts there will be A difference in results in the 2 conditions
What is independent measures design?
different ppts in each condition
Evaluation of independent measures design
+ order effects won’t occur - e.g fatigue and boredom
- more ppts required so more expensive
What is repeated measures design?
same ppts used for each condition
Evaluation of repeated measures design
+ less ppts required so less expensive
- order effects may occur - e.g fatigue and boredom
What is matched pairs design?
use different ppts with similar characteristics in each condition
Evaluation of matched pairs design
+ order effects won’t occur - e.g fatigue and boredom
- time consuming to get sample
