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Research Methods Flashcards

(20 cards)

1
Q

The role of peer review

A

1- allocate research funding
2- validate the quality and relevance of the research (eg conclusions drawn)
3- to suggest improvements

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2
Q

Evaluation of peer review

A

1- anonymity
2- publication bias
3- burying ground breaking research

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3
Q

Correlation coefficient

A

A number between -1 and 1 that represents the direction and strength of a relationship between co-variables

Positive - the closer the coefficient to 1 the stronger it is
Negative- the closer the coefficient to -1 the stronger it is

Used for inter observer and concurrent validity (correlation of two sets of data exceeds +80)

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4
Q

Case studies

A

Case studies - an in depth investigation, description and analysis of a single individual , group, institution or event.

  • often qualitative data and longitudinal studies
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5
Q

Content analysis

A
  • a research technique that enables the indirect study of behaviours by examining communications that people produce , eg texting
    ASK TEACHER
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6
Q

Assessing reliability

A

Inter observer reliability- agreement between two it more observers

Test re test - assessing questionnaire or psychological test - assessing same person one two occasions

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7
Q

Improving reliability

A

Questionnaire- remove complex or ambitious questions ( replacing open q with closed q)

Interviews- using same interviewer or
Making interview structured

Observations - operationalisation of behavioural categories

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8
Q

Validity types

A

Ecological validity - findings can be generalised to other settings and situations

Population validity - research sample reflects target group

Internal validity- observed behaviour was due to independent variable

Temporal validity - can be generalised to other historical times and eras

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9
Q

Improving validity

A
Questionnaire - open qs 
Interviews - open qs 
Experiments - stratified sampling 
Observations- control group 
Case studies - compare to other similar chases
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10
Q

Assessing validity

A

Face validity - a measure scrutinised to determine whether it appears at first sight to measure what it is supposed to

Concurrent validity - extent to which a psychological measure relates to an existing similar measure

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11
Q

Parametric tests ( related t test, independent t test, pearsons product moment )

3 parametric assumptions must apply ..

A

1- data is interval

2- distribution of score are are normal ( scores cluster around the mean/ normal bell curve)

3- variances should be homogeneous ( deviation of scores is similar between conditions

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12
Q

Reporting psychological investigations

A

SUMMARY
INTRODUCTION
METHOD (procedure, design, sample,ethics, materials)
RESULTS
DISCUSSION(findings in verbal form)
REFERENCING
( author, date, title of book, place of publication, publisher)

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13
Q

Startisrical tests

Spearmans rho

A

N= no. Of participants

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14
Q

Statistical tests

Unrelated t- test

A

Df- (number of scores in group 1 + number of scores in group 2) -2

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15
Q

Statistical test

Related t test

A

Df= (no of pairs of scores) -1

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16
Q

Statistical tests

Pearsons r

A

Df = (number of participants) -2

17
Q

Statistical test

Chi- squared

A

Df= (no of rows -1) times (no of columns -1)

18
Q

Mann-Whitney

A

N1 and n2 = number of scores in each condition

19
Q

Statistical test

Sign test

A

N= number of participants

20
Q

Statistical test

Wilcoxon

A

N=no. Of pairs of scores with a difference