Research methods Year 1 Flashcards
What is an aim?
A general statement of what the researcher intends to investigate. This is the purpose of the study.
Define independent variable and dependent variable.
IV = The factor that is manipulates/changes naturally in the study
DV = The factor that is measured/ the result
What is a demand characteristic?
An element of the study which make people change their behaviour to need the expected needs of the study.
What is an extraneous variable?
A nuisance variable that does not vary systematically with the condition
How could you operationalise the variable of “wellbeing”?
How many days you have off work/school
Name 3 types of experimental design.
Independent Groups, Repeated Measures, Matched pairs.
Which experimental design requires fewest participants?
Repeated measures.
Which experimental design has the greatest risk of
demand characteristics?
Repeated measures
What are order effects?
When the order of presentation of experimental
conditions affects participant behaviour.
How could you design an experiment to reduce
order effects?
Use independent groups or matched pairs, or
repeated measures with counterbalancing.
Why is it important that a sample is representative?
So that findings can be generalised to the target
population.
Name 3 types of experiment
Lab, field, naturalistic, Quasi
Which type of experiment is likely to allow the
greatest control of extraneous variables?
Lab experiments.
What is a pilot study?
A small scaled version of the main study
Explain the right to withdraw from an experiment.
Participants can leave the experiment and withdraw their data at any time.
Explain how you would take a volunteer sample.
Place up adverts for participants to sign up
What variable is manipulated by the research or
changes naturally?
Independent variables
What does Can Do & Cant Do With Participants
stand for in ethics?
Consent, Deception, Confidentiality, Debriefing,
Withdrawal, protection
Within observations what 2 types of sampling
techniques can researchers use?
Event sampling & time sampling.
What is a strength of a field experiment?
Higher ecological validity of results/behaviours
In which experimental design might you use counter balancing?
Repeated measures
What type of data do closed questions generate?
Numerical (quantitative)
Name 2 types of self-report?
Questionnaire & interview
Name the 5 types of sampling?
Random, opportunity, stratified, systematic, volunteer
