Research tools & Biophysics

Question 1

What is represented by the equaQon SensiQvity/(1-specificity)

Answer 1

Positive likelihood ratio

Question 2

The typical effective dose for abdominal CT scan is?

Answer 2

Effective dose for adult abdomen-pelvic CT examinations ranges: 5.4–19.8 mSv with a mean of 13.6 mSv
- For pediatrics ranges 2.1–5.5 mSv with a mean of 2.7 mSv.

Question 3

Monopolar diathermy cause coagulation effect with sparkling to stop the bleeding vessels by Which of the following procedures?

Answer 3

Fulguration (electrofulguration) or forced coagulation

Question 4

Sonographically, fluid appear

Answer 4

Anechoic

Question 5

What type of variable is ABO Blood Group ?

Answer 5

Nominal variable

Question 6

What is the SI unit for the activity of radioactive decay?

Answer 6

Becquerel

Question 7

What do the bottom and top represent on the box-and-whisker plot?

Answer 7

Lower and upper quartile

Question 8

HSG is done on what day of cycle?

Answer 8

6-12 days

Question 9

In ECG, T wave represents?

Answer 9

Ventricular repolarizaOon

Question 10

In an ECG, the P wave represent

Answer 10

atrial depolarisaOon

Question 11

In an ECG, the QRS wave represents

Answer 11

ventricular depolarisation

Question 12

Cauterization of large area with appearance of smoke

Answer 12

Fulguration

Question 13

THE STANDARD CHEST X-RAY IS EQUIVALENT TO WHAT DURATION OF NATURAL BACKGROUND RADIATION?

Answer 13

3 DAYS

Question 14

What type of Laser is Neodymium: YAG laser?

Answer 14

Solid laser

Question 15

Which modality you will use to check growing thyroid nodule in pregnancy

Answer 15

US

Question 16

What is the SI Unit of magnetic field ?

Answer 16

Tesla

Question 17

The difference between the peak and the base line of ultrasound wave is called?

Answer 17

Amplitude

Question 18

Ultrasound frequencies are sound waves with frequencies of

Answer 18

> 20 kHz

Question 19

A patient undergoes LASER treatment for CIN. Which is the most appropriate choice of LASER?

Answer 19

CO2

Question 20

Gas LASER

Answer 20

CO2
Argon
Helium neon

Question 21

Solid state LASER

Answer 21

Nd YAG
Neodynium
Titanium sapphire

Question 22

Frequency used for transvaginal ultrasound

Answer 22

5.5 - 7.5 MHz

Question 23

The yolk sac reaches its maximum diameter at what week of gestation?

Answer 23

10 weeks

Question 24

Oligohydramnios is defined as an amniotic fluid index of?

Answer 24

<5 cm

Question 25

Polyhydramnios is defined as an amniotic fluid index of?

Answer 25

> 25 cm

Question 26

Post menopausal endometrial thickness

Answer 26

< 4 mm

Question 27

Reproductive endometrial thickness

Answer 27

5 to 14 mm

Question 28

Piezoelectric crystal resonance is used in what imaging modality?

Answer 28

Ultrasound

Question 29

Rotterdam Criteria For Diagnosis of PCOS

Answer 29

Two of the three following criteria are diagnostic of the condition: • Polycystic ovaries (either 12 or more peripheral follicles or increased ovarian volume (greater than 10 cm3) • Oligo-ovulation or anovulation • Clinical and/or biochemical signs of hyperandrogenism Typical Biochemistry • Elevated LH • LH:FSH >2 (normal is 1:1 ratio) Associated Endocrine Disorders • Diabetes • Hypothyroidism

Question 30

What frequency is used for trans-abdominal ultrasound?

Answer 30

3 MHz

Question 31

In early pregnancy at what gestation does the Gestational sac become visible on transvaginal ultrasound?

Answer 31

4 weeks + 3 days

Question 32

On TVS what size is the gestational sac when the embryonic pole should become visible?

Answer 32

16 mm

Question 33

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of radiotherapy?

Answer 33

DNA damage via free radical generation

Question 34

The main disadvantages of power doppler mode are:

Answer 34

1. No information on direction of flow 2. No information on velocity of flow.

Question 35

What is the typical daily dose (fraction) of radiotherapy?

Answer 35

1.8 - 2 Gy

Question 36

The radiation dose of an abdominal CT is equivalent to

Answer 36

400 Chest X-rays

Question 37

With regard to XRAYs what is the SI unit of absorbed dose?

Answer 37

Gray

Question 38

A chest XRAY is equivalent to how many days of natural background radiation?

Answer 38

2.5

Question 39

ECG Features of Hypocalcaemia:

Answer 39

• Narrow QRS complex • Reduced PR interval • T wave flattening and inversion • Prolongation of the QT-interval • Prominent U-wave • Prolonged ST and ST-depression

Question 40

Group of individuals that is representative of the group of interest is called?

Answer 40

sample

Question 41

The target group of interest is called?

Answer 41

Population

Question 42

The chances for slippery floors is an example of?

Answer 42

Poisson data

Question 43

Which statistical term best describes the sum of the values divided by the number of values?

Answer 43

Mean

Question 44

Which statement defines a median in a data set?

Answer 44

The middle value in a ranked data set

Question 45

Which measure of tendency can be determined by mere inspection?

Answer 45

Mode and Median

Question 46

Which is the most reliable measure of central tendency?

Answer 46

Mean

Question 47

Measure of central tendency that tells position. It is a score that bisects the distribution into half..

Answer 47

Median

Question 48

Standard error of the mean

Answer 48

is an estimate of how far the sample mean is likely to be from the population mean FORMULA: SEM = SD / √ n

Question 49

The measure of spread of values around the mean?

Answer 49

Standard deviation

Question 50

What is the typical magnetic field strength of an MRI scanner use the routinely in UK hospitals

Answer 50

1.5 - 3 T

Question 51

What will you expect to see on assessing atrial fibrillation ECG

Answer 51

absent A wave

Question 52

SI Units of MRI scanning

Answer 52

- Magnetic field strength: Tesla - Magnetic flux: Weber - Absorbed dose of ionized radiation: Gray - Equivalent dose of ionized radiation: Siveret - Radioactive decay: Becquerel

Question 53

What percentage of patients undergoing radiotherapy develop fatigue as an acute effect

Answer 53

80% most common

Question 54

What frequency would typically be used for Monopolar diathermy

Answer 54

500 khz

Question 55

Hysterosalpingography test should be performed in What days of menstrual cycle

Answer 55

6-12