Resp acid-base balance Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Resp acid-base balance Deck (15)
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1
Q

How is hydrogen lost?

A

H2O, HHb, H2PO4, NH4

2
Q

What is the most important method of H+ loss and why?

A

H+ + HCO3 H3CO3 CO2 + H2O

it is the only system that doesn’t reach equilibrium

3
Q

What is directly proportional to H+ concentration? What is inversely proportional?

A

The partial pressure of carbon dioxide

The bicarbonate concentration

4
Q

How does the body deal with too much H+

A

Blowing off carbon dioxide

5
Q

How does the body deal with too much carbon dioxide?

A

By excreting H+ ions

6
Q

What is regulated to keep the acid-base balance?

A

Hydrogen ions and carbon dioxide

7
Q

How do you know something is a respiratory change?

A

the primary change will be CO2

8
Q

How do you know something is a metabolic change

A

the primary change will be bicarbonate

9
Q

How are hydrogen ions excreted?

A

combined with phosphate or ammonia

10
Q

what are the arterial blood gases?

A

pH, CO2, HCO3, pO2

11
Q

what are some causes of respiratory acidosis?

A

COPD, pneumonia, choking (i.e underventillation)

12
Q

what are some causes of respiratory alkalosis?

A

hyperventilating, mechanical over-ventillation, raised ICP (i.e over ventilation)

13
Q

what are some causes of metabolic acidosis?

A

impaired H+ excretion, increased H+ production/ingestion, loss of bicarbonate

14
Q

what are some causes of metabolic alkalosis?

A

vomiting, alkali ingestion, potassium deficiency

15
Q

how to we recover bicarbonate?

A

it is reabsorbed in the kidneys as CO2