Resp Exam 2 Shunt/Deadspace VQ

Question 1

VQ describes the ____ of ventilation to ____

Answer 1

Ventilation to perfusion

Question 2

Does ventilation always equal perfusion?

Answer 2

No

Question 3

Ventilation without perfusion is

Answer 3

Deadspace

Question 4

Perfusion without ventilation is

Answer 4

Shunt

Question 5

Atmospheric O2 and CO2

Answer 5

Atmospheric O2 = 150
Atmospheric CO2 = 0

Question 6

____ equilibrates with concentration gradient as it perfuses

Answer 6

Blood

Question 7

Normal VQ unit results in blood with a
PO2 of
CO2 of

Answer 7

Normal VQ
PO2 100
PCO2 40

Question 8

In a shunt, the VQ is

Answer 8

0

Question 9

Shunt unit results in blood with a
PO2 of
CO2 of

Answer 9

PO2 40
PCO2 45

(think perfusion w/o ventilation) so PO2 and PCO2 will stay at the numbers of the blood entering

Question 10

Dead space unit results in blood with a
PO2 of
PCO2 of

Answer 10

PO2 150
PCO2 0

(think ventilation w/o perfusion) so PO2 and PCO2 will stay the same as the environment

Question 11

In a deadspace unit, the VQ is

Answer 11

Infinity

***Ventilation w/o perfusion

Question 12

Absolute shunt means

Answer 12

Absence of ventilation

Question 13

Relative shunt means

Answer 13

Less ventilation than normal

Question 14

Absolute dead space means

Answer 14

Absence of ventilation

Question 15

Relative dead space means

Answer 15

Less perfusion than normal

Question 16

Alveoli at apex are _____ and _____

Answer 16

Underperfused and overventilated

Question 17

Alveoli at base are ____ and ____

Answer 17

Overperfused and underventilated

Question 18

Apex VQ ratio is

Answer 18

3.4

*** HIGHER

Question 19

Base VQ ratio is

Answer 19

0.63

*** LOWER

Question 20

Deadspace VQ is

Answer 20

> 1

(top of lung)

Question 21

Shunt VQ is

Answer 21

< 1

(bottom of lung)

Question 22

When alveoli are underventilated…

Answer 22

Shunt

Question 23

What helps underventilated alveoli?

Answer 23

HPV

Question 24

When alveoli are underperfused…

Answer 24

Shunt

Question 25

What helps underperfused alveoli?

Answer 25

Bronchiolar constriction

Question 26

Blocked airways lead to ____

Answer 26

Shunt

Question 27

If you have a blocked airway, you will see a problem with

Answer 27

Oxygenation

Question 28

Destroyed alveolar walls lead to ____ which leads to ____

Answer 28

Dead space CO2 retention

Question 29

Does VQ affect PO2 or CO2 more?

Answer 29

PO2 **BECAUSE CO2 IS SO SOLUBLE

Question 30

What is the most common cause of hypoxemia?

Answer 30

VQ mismatch

Question 31

In physiologic deadspace, what exceeds what?

Answer 31

VQ ratio exceeds normal

Question 32

In physiologic deadspace, is ventilation wasted?

Answer 32

Some of it

Question 33

Physiologic dead space includes

Answer 33

Anatomical and functional/alveolar

Question 34

As dead space increases... what also increases?

Answer 34

CO2 WOB

Question 35

In pulmonary shunt, what is below normal?

Answer 35

VQ ratio

Question 36

Does all pulmonary capillary blood get oxygenated with a pulmonary shunt?

Answer 36

No

Question 37

In a true, anatomic shunt... what blood is included?

Answer 37

Venous admixture

Question 38

Total quantitative shunted blood per minute is called...

Answer 38

Physiologic shunt

Question 39

As shunt increases... what decreases?

Answer 39

Oxygenation and PO2