Resp Pharm

Question 1

Mech: Anti-IgE monoclonal antibody that binds mostly unbound serum IgE.

Answer 1

Omalizumab mechanism of action?

Question 2

Used for Severe asthma resistant to inhaled steroids and long-acting Beta2 agonists.

Answer 2

Omalizumab

Question 3

First generation H1 receptor antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Answer 3

Diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, Chlorpheniramine, Meclizine, Promethazine

Question 4

Used for Allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid, nausea/vomiting. Acute extrapyramidal symptoms of antipsychotics, Parkinson’s disease.

Answer 4

Diphenhydramine

Question 5

Used For Motion sickness.

Answer 5

Meclizine

Question 6

Allergies, motion sickness, sleep aid, nausea/vomiting.

Answer 6

Dimenhydrinate, Chlorpheniramine, Promethazine, Promethazine uses?

Question 7

Sedation, antimuscarinic effects (increase AV node conduction, drowsiness, constipation, dilated pupils, bronchodilation), anti-alpha-adrenergic effects (hypotension).

Answer 7

Dimenhydrinate, Chlorpheniramine, Meclizine side, Diphenhydramine effects?

Question 8

Second generation H1 receptor antagonist. Prevents G(q) activation.

Answer 8

Loratidine, Fexofenadine, Deslortadine, Cetirizine,

Question 9

Used for Allergies.

Answer 9

Deslortadine, Cetirizine, Fexofenadine, Loratidine uses?

Question 10

SE: Far less sedating than first generation H1 antagonists because of decreased CNS penetration. Do not cross BBB and don’t have anti-muscarinic effects.

Answer 10

Deslortadine, Cetirizine, Fexofenadine, Loratidine

Question 11

Mech: Nonspecific} beta adrenergic agonist.

Answer 11

Isoproterenol

Question 12

Used For: Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle (beta 2).

Answer 12

Isoproterenol

Question 13

SE: Tachycardia (beta 1).

Answer 13

Isoproterenol side

Question 14

Beta 2 adrenergic agonists.

Answer 14

Albuterol, Salmeterol, Formoterol

Question 15

Used for Acute asthma.

Answer 15

Albuterol

Question 16

Used for: Long-acting agent for asthma prophylaxis.

Answer 16

Salmeterol

Question 17

SE: Tremor, arrhythmia.

Answer 17

Salmeterol

Question 18

Mech: Inhibits phosphodiesterase thus increasing cAMP. Adenosine antagonist.

Answer 18

Aminophylline , Theophylline (Methylxanthines)

Question 19

Used for: IV form used for termination of status asthmaticus (due to beta desensitization)….as a bronchodilator

Answer 19

Aminophylline

Question 20

SE: Narrow therapeutic index (metabolized by liver). Cardiotoxic (tachycardia, arrhythmias) and neurotoxic.

Answer 20

Aminophylline, Theophylline

Question 21

Used for: Bronchodilator; used for asthma and COPD.

Answer 21

Theophylline

Question 22

Mech: Competitive muscarinic antagonist.

Answer 22

Ipratropium

Question 23

Used for: Prevents bronchoconstriciton; used for asthma and COPD. DRUG OF CHOICE IF YOU ARE ON BETA BLOCKERS.**

Answer 23

Ipratropium

Question 24

Mech: Prevents release of mediators from mast cells (decrease histamine release).

Answer 24

Cromolyn, nedocromil

Question 25

Used for: Prophylaxis against asthma. Not effective for an acute asthmatic attack. Generally used for seasonal allergies, Hay fever because they are OTC.

Answer 25

Cromolyn, nedocromil

Question 26

SE: Toxicity is rare; throat irritation and cough (triggers asthma attack relieved in beta 2 agonist).

Answer 26

Cromolyn, nedocromil

Question 27

- Inhibit synthesis of all cytokines | - Inactivates NF-kappa B: the transcription factor that induces production of TNF-alpha.

Answer 27

Beclomethasone, Fluticasone, Prednisone

Question 28

First line for chronic asthma.

Answer 28

Beclomethasone, Prednisone

Question 29

- 5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor. | - Blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes.

Answer 29

Zileuton

Question 30

Used for Asthma, COPD.

Answer 30

Zileuton

Question 31

SE: Monitor liver function.

Answer 31

Zileuton

Question 32

Mech: Leukotriene antagonist.

Answer 32

Zafirlukast, montelukast

Question 33

Used for: Especially good for aspirin-induced asthma.

Answer 33

Zafirlukast, montelukast

Question 34

SE: Immunosuppression via decreased neutrophil chemotaxis (LTB4). Associated with Churg-Strauss syndrome.

Answer 34

Zafirlukast, montelukast

Question 35

Mech: Expectorant.

Answer 35

Guaifenesin

Question 36

Used to: Thins respiratory secretions Does not supress cough reflex.

Answer 36

Guaifenesin

Question 37

Mech: Mucolytic.

Answer 37

N-acetylcysteine

Question 38

Used for: Loosens mucous plugs in cystic fibrosis patients. Also used as an antidote for acetaminophen overdose.

Answer 38

N-acetylcysteine

Question 39

Mech: Competitively antagonizes endothelin-1 receptors, decreasing pulmonary vascular resistance.

Answer 39

Bosentan

Question 40

Used for Pulmonary hypertension (drug of choice).

Answer 40

Bosentan

Question 41

Mech: Antagonizes NMDA glutamate receptors; codeine analog.

Answer 41

Dextromethorphan

Question 42

Mech: Antitussive (antagonizes NMDA glutamate receptors)

Answer 42

Dextromethorphan

Question 43

SE: Treat overdose with naloxone.

Answer 43

Dextromethorphan

Question 44

Mech: Alpha adrenergic antagonists

Answer 44

Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

Question 45

Used for: Nonprescription nasal decongestants. Reduces hyperemia, edema, nasal congestion; opens obstructed Eustachian tubes.

Answer 45

Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

Question 46

SE: Hypertension. Can also cause CNS stimulation/anxiety.

Answer 46

Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine

Question 47

Mech: Muscarinic receptor agonist.

Answer 47

Metacholine

Question 48

Used in asthma challenge testing (diagnosis).

Answer 48

Metacholine

Question 49

Prostacyclin analog (PGI2).

Answer 49

Epoprostenol

Question 50

Pulmonary hypertension.

Answer 50

Epoprostenol

Question 51

Inhibits phosphodiesterase type V; increases cGMP. Dilates pulmonary arteries.

Answer 51

Sildenafil

Question 52

Pulmonary hypertension.

Answer 52

Sildenafil

Question 53

Toxicities Include Sedation, antimuscarinic, and anti-alpha-adrenergic effects

Answer 53

Diphenhydramine, Dimenhydrinate, Chlorpheniramine (1st Gen H1 blockers)