RESP SYSTEM - ANAPHYLAXIS, ALLERGIES, CROUP + CF

Question 1

What do 1st generation antihistamines do compared to 2nd generation?

Answer 1

More sedating

Question 2

What 2 1st generation antihistamines are more sedating than chlorphenamine?

Answer 2

alimemazine + promethazine

Question 3

List some 1st gen antihistamines?

Answer 3

Chlorphenamine

Cyclizine

Alimemezine*

Promethazine*

Question 4

List 5 2nd gen antihistamines

Answer 4

Acrivastine

cetirizine

desloratadine

loratadine

fexofenadine (OTC now)

Question 5

What antihistamines can be used for N + V?

Answer 5

Cyclizine

promethazine

cinnarizine

Question 6

What antihistamine is used for migraines?

Answer 6

Buclizine (migraleve)

Question 7

What is immunotherapy?

Answer 7

Allergen vaccine - reduces asthma + allergic symptoms

can contain dust mites, animal dander + pollen extract

Question 8

Vaccines contains what extract can reduce risk of severe anaphylaxis?

Answer 8

Bee or wasp venom

Question 9

What is a SE of omalizumab?

Answer 9

Hypersensitivity

Churg Strauss syndrome

Question 10

What is anaphylaxis?

Answer 10

Severe life threatening hypersensitivity reaction

Caused by allergens

Question 11

What is anapgylaxis management?

Answer 11

1. Auto injector ASAP - adrenaline
2. 999 + say anaphylaxis - CPR if needed.
3. Lie down + raise patients legs
4. remove triggers
5. repeat after 5 min interval if no improvement

Question 12

what is given after anaphylaxis resolved?

Answer 12

Oxygen

IV fluids - if shock

Non-sedating oral antihistamine- when stable

Inhaled bronchodilator therapy e.g salbutamol if needed

Question 13

What is adrenaline doses for child up to 6 months of age?

Answer 13

100-150mcg

Question 14

What is adrenaline doses for child 6 months - 5 yrs?

Answer 14

150mcg

Question 15

What is adrenaline doses for child 6 - 11 yrs?

Answer 15

300 mcg

Question 16

What is adrenaline doses for over 12 yrs?

Answer 16

500mcg

Question 17

How many auto injectors should be prescribed ?

Answer 17

2

Question 18

What is mild croup treatment?

Answer 18

single dexamethasone oral dose

Question 19

What is severe croup treatment?

Answer 19

Hospital admission

Single dose pred or dexamethasone orally

If not able to take oral = IM dex or nebulised budesonide

Question 20

What to do if cannot take oral steroid for severe croup?

Answer 20

IM dex or nebulised budesonide

Question 21

What to give if severe croup not solved by steroids?

Answer 21

Nebulised adrenaline

Question 22

What is cystic fibrosis?

Answer 22

genetic disorder affecting lungs, pancreas, liver, intestine + reproductive organs

causes viscus sputum, chest infections + malabsorption

Question 23

What is treatment for CF?

Answer 23

Mucolytics e.g. dornase alfa

causes clearance of sputum.

Antibacterials
Pancreatin

Question 24

What 3 things to monitor for CF patients?

Answer 24

Liver disease

diabetes

bone density