Resp-Thoracic Wall and Diaphragm Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 atypical ribs?

A

1, 2, 10, 11, 12

First 2 and last 3

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2
Q

What is the arrangement of structures in the costal groove? (from top down)

A

Vein Artery Nerve

VAN

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3
Q

The tubercle of the rib connects to the thoracic vertebrae at the ________.

A

Costal facet

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4
Q

How many facets are present on the head of a typical rib?

A

2

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5
Q

What are the 2 synovial joints of the thoracic wall?

A

Between the ribs & vertebrae (costovertebral joints)
Between the sternum & clavicles (sternoclavicular joints)

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6
Q

What is the significance of the synovial joints?

A

They allow for more movement at the joint

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7
Q

The EICMs run ________ & ________. They are muscles for ________

A

The EICMs run downwards & forwards. They are muscles for inspiration

There are 12 ribs hence 11 intercoastal?

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8
Q

The IICMs run ________ & ________. They are muscles for ________

A

The IICMs run downwards & backwards. They are muscles for expiration

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9
Q

How many pairs of ICMs are there?

A

11 pairs

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10
Q

Between which 2 layers are the intercostal VAN located?

A

Between the innermost intercostal muscle & the internal intercostal muscle

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11
Q

Where does the collateral branch of the IC nerve run?

A

Runs along the upper border of the inferior rib

The main intercostal nerve of rib 9 runs in the subcostal groove of rib 9, while the collateral branch runs along the upper border of rib 10

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12
Q

The ________ horn of the spinal cord supplies somatic motor innervation to the skeletal muscles of the thoracic wall

A

The ventral horn of the spinal cord supplies somatic motor innervation to the skeletal muscles of the thoracic wall

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13
Q

Primary somatic ________ (sensory) neurons synapse onto secondary somatic ________ neurons in the ____________ before entering the ________ horn of the spinal cord

A

Primary somatic afferent (sensory) neurons synapse onto secondary somatic afferent neurons in the dorsal root ganglion before entering the dorsal horn of the spinal cord

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14
Q

Which artery supplies the PIA of the upper 2 IC spaces?

PIA = Posterior Intercostal Artery

A

Costocervical artery; branch of subclavian artery

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15
Q

Which artery supplies the PIA of IC space 3-11?

PIA = Posterior Intercostal Artery

A

Descending aorta

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16
Q

Which arteries supply the AIAs?

Anterior Intercostal Artery

A

Internal mammary artery (IMA) and musculophrenic artery

Internal mammary artery (IMA) and musculophrenic artery## FootnoteMusculophrenic artery is the terminal branch of the IMA

17
Q

What 3 arteries are located at the anterior of the thoracic wall?

A

Subclavian artery
Internal mammary artery
Musculophrenic artery

18
Q

Where do the AIVs drain into?

Anterior Intercostal Vein

A

Internal mammary vein

19
Q

Where do the PIVs drain into?

PIV = Posterior Intercostal Vein

A

Azygos vein & brachiocephalic vein

20
Q

Which nerve innervates the diaphragm?

A

Phrenic nerve (C3-5)

21
Q

Which 3 structures pierce the diaphragm at T12?

A

Aorta
Thoracic duct
Azygos vein

22
Q

Which 2 structures pierce the diaphragm at T10?

A

Oesphagus
Vagus nerve

23
Q

At what level does the IVC pierce the diaphragm?

A

T8

24
Q

What are the 4 accessory muscles of respiration?

A

Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor
Subclavius
Serratus anterior