respi Flashcards
A 37-year-old woman presents to A&E with shortness of breath, a dry cough and a fever. She has recently been on a business trip to Romania and stayed in a local hotel.
What is the best investigation to obtain a definitive diagnosis in this patient?
urinary antigen for legionaire disease
what is the most common cause of pneumonia in HIV patient
strep pneumoniae
what are the ecg changes you will see in a patient with COPD?
prominent p wave in the anterior chest lead. absent r wave in the right sided leave nad right axis deviation
what is teh procedure that is shown to reduce mortality in the ARDS patient
low tidal volume mechanical ventiation…ARDS presents with acute onset respiratory failure which fails to improve with supplemental oxygen, the symptoms of which include severe dyspnoea, tachypnoea, confusion, and presyncope.
Physical examination typically reveals fine bibasal crackles, but no other features of heart failure.
klebsiella is which type of bacteria
gram negetive anaerobic rod
in a patient with asthma who is on saba and ics what would e the addition after that according to te BTS guideline
bts suggests adding laba but nice recomends addint LTRAntagonist
legs and arms weakness that gets better on working and bilateral ptosis in a patient with weight loss nd haemotysis is most likely di=ue to
lambert eatons and the antibody will be voltage gated sodium channel antibdy
target lesions with pneumonia history
mycoplasma pneumonia… preceeding flu like symptoms
what are the causes of exudative pleural effusion
ra, tb,pneumonia and malignancy like mesothelioma…meigs is associated with transudative type of effusion
how can you ensure that the chest drain is patent
if there is swinging of fluid during respiration
ace is raised in
sarcoidosis
adult onset asthma, nasal congestion ,parathesia in leg and glomerulonephritis. what is the most likely antibody present
p-anca/ mpo anca….for chrugg strauss disorder.
having a brain fog and nocturia reduced libido and fatigues in a overweight patient
obstructive sleep apnoea
which drug is linked with pulmonary fibrosis?
methotrexate
ct with signet ring sign is the pathognomic for
bronchiectasis
what is the ecg finding you will find in a copd patient and physical exam finding?
right ventricular hyoertrophy and right ventricularhaeve….you will also see p pulmonale meaning really high p wave
in a case of tension pneumothorax what Is the management
its a medical emergency and you do not require a chest x-ray and decompression if the chest with 14-16 gauge needle is the most imp
what is the antibiotic used for aspirational pneumonia and has a potential side effect of increasing the inr
metronidazole
in an emergency situation where you see hypercalcemia what is the management
iv saline fluid …. look out for lung cancer- small cell,…. patient with weight loss and cough.
what is the cause of pulmonary effusion?
due to hight pressure in the cappilary fluid leaks out from the capillary into the pleural cavity.
what is the limit if rr in CURB 65
30
A 75-year-old man presents with increasing shortness of breath, right-sided pleuritic chest pain and haemoptysis over the course of 2 months. Before retiring, he spent 40 years working as a miner. A chest X-ray shows a large right-sided pleural effusion. what is the material he is most exposed to causing him symptoms?
asbestose - there is a lag between the exposure and the presentation and it is a highly malignant type of tumour(mesothelioma),
what is the most common cause of ARDS
SEPSIS OF PULMONARY ORIGIN….ards is life threatening non cardiogenic pulmonary oedema and it will present with new fine bibasal creps and opacification on the chest xray
The cough has progressively worsened, and now he is producing large amounts of green sputum with red streaks. He has had frequent episodes in the past which have required hospital admission. On examination he has finger clubbing, nasal polyps and coarse inspiratory crackles.
cystic fibrosis. sweat sodium and chloride will be more than 60
