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Pharma 1 > Respi > Flashcards

Respi Flashcards

1
Q

Indication for Use of Antitussives

A) To reduce fever
B) To suppress coughing
C) To treat bacterial infections
D) To relieve nasal congestion

A

B) To suppress coughing

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2
Q
  1. Define Asthma
    A) A condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, leading to breathing difficulties.
    B) A bacterial infection in the
    lungs.
    C) A temporary blockage of the airways due to a foreign object.
    D) A cardiovascular disease affecting the heart.
A

A) A condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways, leading to breathing difficulties.

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3
Q

Which statement correctly differentiates the mechanisms of action between direct stimulation and reflex stimulation by expectorants?
A) Direct stimulation increases fluid production in the respiratory tract by acting on the GI tract, while reflex stimulation works by directly targeting the secretory glands.
B) Both direct and reflex stimulation decrease the production of respiratory tract fluids to alleviate symptoms.
C) Direct stimulation targets the secretory glands to increase respiratory tract fluid production, whereas reflex stimulation causes irritation of the GI tract, leading to thinner mucus.
D) Reflex stimulation increases the production of mucus by direct action on the respiratory tract, while direct stimulation works by inducing a systemic immune response.

A

C) Direct stimulation targets the secretory glands to increase respiratory tract fluid production, whereas reflex stimulation causes irritation of the GI tract, leading to thinner mucus.

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4
Q

Give 1 Common Side Effect of Non-Selective Beta Agonist
* A) Hypotension
* B) Tachycardia
* C) Constipation
* D) Dry mouth

A

B) Tachycardia

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5
Q
  1. What is the Indication for Anti-tussives?
    • A) To treat bacterial infections
    • B) To suppress coughing
    • C) To relieve nasal congestion
    • D) To reduce fever
A

B) To suppress coughing

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6
Q
  1. What is the Difference Between Omeprazole and Ranitidine?
    • A) Omeprazole is an antacid, while Ranitidine is a proton pump inhibitor.
    • B) Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor, while Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist.
    • C) Both are antibiotics used to treat stomach ulcers.
    • D) Both are antacids used to neutralize stomach acid.
A

B) Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor, while Ranitidine is an H2 receptor antagonist.

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7
Q

1 Example of Xanthine Derivative

A) Albuterol
B) Ipratropium
C) Theophylline
D) Montelukast

A

C) Theophylline

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7
Q
  1. What is the Mode of Action of Bismuth?
    • A) It neutralizes stomach acid.
    • B) It coats the ulcer base and protects it from acid.
    • C) It inhibits the production of stomach acid.
    • D) It stimulates the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract.
A

B) It coats the ulcer base and protects it from acid.

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8
Q

MOA of Nasal Decongestants

A) Suppressing the immune system
B) Constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages
C) Increasing mucus production
D) Dilating the bronchial tubes

A

B) Constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages

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9
Q

Enzyme That Increases cAMP

A) Protease
B) Lipase
C) Adenylyl cyclase
D) Lactase

A

C) Adenylyl cyclase

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10
Q

What is Asthma?

A) A digestive disorder
B) A chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction
C) A type of allergic reaction
D) A cardiovascular disease

A

B) A chronic respiratory condition characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction

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11
Q

Muscarinic Receptor in the Respiratory Tract

A) M1
B) M2
C) M3
D) M4

A

C) M3

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12
Q

Give 1 Example of a Reliever

A) Fluticasone
B) Montelukast
C) Salbutamol
D) Theophylline

A

C) Salbutamol

SABA- Salbutamol/Terbutaline
Antimuscarinic-Ipratropium/ Tiotropium
Xanthine- Theo/ Aminophylline

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13
Q

9-11. Give 3 Examples of Controllers

A) Salbutamol, Ipratropium, Theophylline
B) Inhaled corticosteroids, Long-Acting Beta Agonists, Leukotriene receptor antagonists
C) Antitussives, Antacids, Antibiotics
D) Diuretics, ACE inhibitors, Beta-blockers

A

B) Inhaled corticosteroids, Long-Acting Beta Agonists, Leukotriene receptor antagonists

Dexamethasone
Formoterol
Montelukast

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14
Q

DOC for Acute Anaphylaxis/Hypersensitivity rxn

A) Ibuprofen
B) Epinephrine
C) Acetaminophen
D) Amoxicillin

A

B) Epinephrine/ Isoprenaline

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15
Q

Example of SABA (Short-Acting Beta Agonist)

A) Salmeterol
B) Fluticasone
C) Salbutamol
D) Montelukast

A

C) Salbutamol/Terbutaline

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16
Q

Example of LABA (Long-Acting Beta Agonist)

A) Salbutamol
B) Formoterol
C) Albuterol
D) Ipratropium

A

B) Formoterol/Salmeterol

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17
Q

Classification of Ipratropium Bromide

A) Anticholinergic bronchodilator
B) Beta-blocker
C) Corticosteroid
D) Leukotriene receptor antagonist

A

A) Anticholinergic/ Antimuscarinic bronchodilator

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18
Q

MOA of Theophylline

A) Inhibits phosphodiesterase, increasing cAMP
B) Blocks leukotriene receptors
C) Stabilizes mast cells
D) Acts as a corticosteroid

A

A) Inhibits phosphodiesterase, increasing cAMP

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19
Q

Use of Cromolyn

A) Treatment of bacterial infections
B) Prophylactic treatment in asthma
C) Pain relief
D) Lowering blood pressure

A

B) Prophylactic treatment in asthma

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20
Q

Classification of Zafirlukast

A) Beta agonist
B) Corticosteroid
C) Leukotriene receptor antagonist
D) Anticholinergic

A

C) Leukotriene receptor antagonist

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21
Q

Use of Nedocromil

A) Treating hypertension
B) Mast cell stabilization in asthma treatment
C) Reducing cholesterol levels
D) Treating bacterial infections

A

B) Mast cell stabilization in asthma treatment

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22
Q

MAB Against IgE

A) Adalimumab
B) Infliximab
C) Omalizumab
D) Rituximab

A

C) Omalizumab

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23
Q

For numbers 1-5 Mode of action

A. inhibit secretion
B. prevent contact
C. neutralize acid

  1. Omeprazole
  2. Sucralfate
  3. Al(OH)3
  4. CaCO3
  5. Ipratropium
A

A. Inhibit Secretion
Omeprazole (PPI)
Ipratropium (Muscarinic Anta).

B. Prevent Contact
Sucralfate

C. Neutralize Acid (Antacids)
Al(OH)3
CaCO3

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24
Q
  1. Target of opioid in cough suppression *
    A. Medulla
    В. Hypothalamus
    C. Lung
    D. Diaphragm
A

A. Medulla

25
Q
  1. Mode of action of non opioids
    A. Suppress the cough reflex by numbing the stretch receptors in the respiratory tract
    B. Suppress the cough reflex by direct action on the cough center in the medulla
    C. Preventing the cough reflex from being stimulated
    D. Reduce viscosity of secretions
    E. A and C
    F. B and C
A

E. A and C

26
Q

For numbers 8-17 Drugs for cough

A. Expectorant
B. Antitussive

  1. Suppress the cough reflex by direct action on the cough center in the medulla
  2. Suppress the cough reflex by numbing the stretch receptors in the respiratory tract
  3. preventing the cough reflex from being stimulated
  4. used for non-productive cough
  5. Benzonatate and Dextromethorphan
  6. aid in the removal of mucus
  7. Reduce the viscosity of secretions
  8. Disintegrate and thin secretions
  9. Acts by direct or reflex stimulation
  10. The secretory glands are stimulated directly to increase their production of respiratory tract fluids.
A

A. Expectorant
13. aid in the removal of mucus
14. Reduce the viscosity of secretions
15. Disintegrate and thin secretions
16. Acts by direct or reflex stimulation
17. The secretory glands are stimulated directly to increase their production of respiratory tract fluids.

B. Antitussive
8. Suppress the cough reflex by direct action on the cough center in the medulla
9. Suppress the cough reflex by numbing the stretch receptors in the respiratory tract
10. preventing the cough reflex from being stimulated
11. used for non-productive cough
12. Benzonatate and Dextromethorphan

27
Q
  1. Anti-asthma drug with low therapeutic index
    A. Albuterol
    В. Theophylline
    C. Formoterol
    D. Ipratropium bromide
A

В. Theophylline

Methyxanthines:
Theophylline
Aminophylline

28
Q
  1. selective, reversible antagonists of cysteinyl leukotrienereceptors (CysLT1receptors)
    A. Cromolyn
    B. Tiotropium
    C. Montelukast
    D. Salbutamol
A

C. Montelukast

29
Q
  1. Short acting subcutaneous Beta 2 agonist
    A. Salbutamol
    B. Formoterol
    C. Terbutaline
    D. Zafirlukast
A

C. Terbutaline

Salbutamol- IV
Terbutaline-SubQ

30
Q
  1. The systemic effect of nasal congestant is due to
    A. muscarinic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels
    B. nicotinic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels
    C. adrenergic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels
    D. cholinergic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels
A

C. adrenergic stimulation of heart, lungs and blood vessels

31
Q

For numbers 22-24 MOST…
A. SABA
B. Aminophylline
C. Inhaled corticosteroid

  1. Most effective anti inflammatory medication for persistent asthma
  2. Most effective in inhibiting bronchospasm
  3. Most effective xanthine inhibitor
A
  1. Most effective anti inflammatory medication for persistent asthma
    C. Inhaled corticosteroid
  2. Most effective in inhibiting bronchospasm
    A. SABA
  3. Most effective xanthine inhibitor
    B. Aminophylline
32
Q
  1. Leukotriene inhibitor used for aspirin induced asthma
    A. Zileuton and Zafirlukast
    B. Beclomethasone and Zileuton
    C. Salbutamol And Zafirlukast
    D. Cromolyn and Zileuton
A

A. Zileuton and Zafirlukast

33
Q
  1. Prevents LTD4 action
    A. Zafirlukast
    B. Zileuton
    C. Aminophylline
    D. Terbutaline
A

A. Zafirlukast

34
Q
  1. Monoclonal Antibody
    A. Zafirlukast
    B. Aminophylline
    C. Ritodrine
    D. Omalizumab
A

D. Omalizumab

35
Q
  1. Alter function of delayed chloride channel in Cell membrane
    A. Zafirlukast
    B. Chromones
    C. Beclamethasone
    D. Ipratropium
A

B. Chromones

Mast Cell stabilizers
-Na cromoglycate/nedocromil

36
Q
  1. Inhibit phosphodiesterase, increases cAMP and cGMP
    A. Terbutaline
    B. Theophylline
    C. Cromolyn
    D. Mepolizumab
A

B. Theophylline/ Aminophylline

37
Q
  1. Safest of all anti asthma agents
    A. Cromolyn
    B. Zafirlukast
    C. Omalizumab
    D. Theophylline
A

A. Cromolyn

38
Q
  1. Antibiotics that are specifically used for COPD to reduce the number of
    exacerbation
    A. Chrloramphenicol
    B. Imipenem
    C. Azithromycin
    D. Fluoroquinolone
A

C. Azithromycin

39
Q
  1. Receptor for Respiratory smooth muscles
    A. M1
    B. M2
    C. M3
A

C. M3

40
Q
  1. Non selective beta agonist
    A. Sabutamol
    B. Terbutaline
    C. Epinephrine
    D. Salmeterol
A

C. Epinephrine

41
Q
  1. TRUE about EPINEPHRINE
    A. weak bronchodilator
    B. Maximum effect is within 2 hours
    C. duration is 60-90 mins
    D. ADR is bradycardia
A

C. duration is 60-90 mins

42
Q
  1. TRUE about SABA
    A. low lipid solubility
    B. given via IV
    C. duration is 3 hours
    D. used for nocturnal asthma
A

B. given via IV

43
Q
  1. Which of the following are parts of TRIPLE THERAPY for H.pylori infection
    A. Amoxicillin
    B. Clarithromycin
    C. Lansoprazole
    D. A and C
    E. A, B and C
A

E. A, B and C

Lansoprazole + Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin

44
Q

For numbers 37-41. Which is TRUE about ERYTHROMYCIN

A. TRUE
B. FALSE

  1. Motilin agonist
  2. Mu Agonist
  3. Protein Synthesis Inhibitor
  4. Antacid
  5. Stimulates gastric emptying
A

A. TRUE
37. Motilin agonist
39. Protein Synthesis Inhibitor
41. Stimulates gastric emptying

B. FALSE
38. Mu Agonist
40. Antacid

45
Q
  1. Which of the following causes constipation?
    A. Baking soda
    B. Magnesium hydroxide
    C. Aluminum hydroxide
    D. Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide
A

C. Aluminum hydroxide

46
Q
  1. The following are included in quadruple therapy in PUD, EXCEPT
    A. Bismuth
    B. Sucralfate
    C. Omeprazole
    D. Lansoprazole
A

B. Sucralfate

Bismuth
Metronidazole
Tetracycline
Omeprazole/ Lansoprazole

47
Q
  1. Side effects of aluminum hydroxide, EXCEPT
    A. hypophosphatemia
    B. Osteodystrophy
    C. blurring of vision
    D. dementia
A

C. blurring of vision

Al(OH)3
-Constipation
-Hypophosphatemia
-Osteodystrophy
-Dementia

48
Q
  1. The following are actions of BISMUTH, EXCEPT
    A. Decreases recurrence of ulcer in the stomach
    B. Antidiarrheal
    C. Antibacterial
    D. Antiemetic
A

D. Antiemetic

49
Q

For numbers 46-49. Strategies in GI protection

A. Neutralize Acid
B. Prevent contact
C. Inhibit secretion

  1. Omeprazole
  2. Prostaglandin
  3. Sucralfate
  4. Magnesium hydroxide
A

C. Inhibit secretion
-Omeprazole
-Prostaglandin

B. Prevent contact
-Sucralfate

A. Neutralize Acid
-Mg(OH)2

50
Q
  1. 5HT3 antagonist, and anti emetic
    A. Metaclopramide
    B. Ondansetron
    C. Meclizine
    D. Scopolamine
A

B. Ondansetron

51
Q
  1. The following are contraindicated to PPI, EXCEPT *
    A. Fluoroquinolone
    B. Ketoconazole
    C. Clarithromycin
    D. A and B
A

C. Clarithromycin

52
Q
  1. Docusate
    A. Water retaining
    B. Detergent, stool softener
    C. Directly stimulate intestinal wall
    D. Increase intraluminal pressure
A

B. Detergent, stool softener

53
Q
  1. Drugs that act on both CNS and enteric nerves
    A. Morphine and codeine
    B. Morphine and Loperamide
    C. Codeine and Diphenoxylate
    D. Diphenoxylate and Loperamide
A

A. Morphine and codeine

54
Q
  1. Drug for H.pylori that is also cytoprotective and inhibits proteolytic, and urease activities
    A. Sucralfate
    B. Misoprostol
    C. Pirenzepine
    D. Bismuth
A

D. Bismuth

55
Q
  1. Cytoprotective PGE1 analog that increases mucus and bicarbonate secretion
    A. Sucralfate
    B. Misoprostol
    C. Pirenzepine
    D. Bismuth
A

B. Misoprostol

56
Q
  1. Polymerizes on GI luminal surface to form protective gel like coating of ulcer beds
    A. Sucralfate
    B. Misoprostol
    C. Pirenzepine
    D. Bismuth
A

A. Sucralfate

57
Q
  1. Which of the following causes belching/gas?
    A. Baking soda
    B. Magnesium hydroxide
    C. Aluminum hydroxide
    D. Calcium carbonate and magnesium hydroxide
A

A. Baking soda

58
Q
  1. The following are ICS/LABA combination, EXCEPT
    A. Fluticasone/Formoterol
    B. Budesonide/Formoterol
    C. Ketoconazole/Salmeterol
    D. Fluticasone/Salmeterol
A

C. Ketoconazole/Salmeterol

Inhaled Corticosteroids
-Dexamethasone
-Fluticasone
-Budesonide

LABA
-Salmeterol
-Formoterol

59
Q
  1. H2 blocker with 100% bioavailability *
    A. Cimetidine
    B. Nizatidine
    C. Ranitidine
    D. Famotidine
A

B. Nizatidine

60
Q
  1. Cimetidine increases the effect of the following, EXCEPT
    A. Quinidine
    B. Warfarin
    C. Imipramine
    D. Cefuroxime
A

D. Cefuroxime

Cimetidine is the major inhibitor of cytochrome P450 isoforms

Increase effects of quinidine, phenytoin, TCA (Imipramine), warfarin (Inc. Bleeding)

Decrease androgen → gynecomastia, decreased libido

61
Q
  1. The following has no effect on gastric emptying time
    A. Cimetidine
    B. Aluminum hydroxide
    C. Sodium bicarbonate
A

A. Cimetidine

B. H2 BLOCKERS (-TIDINE)
● Cimetidine, Ranitidine (Zantac), Famotidine (Pepcid), Nizatidine
(Axid)
● No effect in gastric emptying time

Pharma 1 (15 decks)

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