Respiration

Question 1

Respiration word equation

Answer 1

Glucose + oxygen —> water + carbon dioxide + energy

Question 2

Carbon dioxide can be detected using?

Answer 2

Limewater and hydrogen carbonate indicator

Question 3

Limewater

Answer 3

Limewater turns colourless to milky white in the presence of carbon dioxide

Question 4

Hydrogen carbonate indicator (bicarbonate indicator)

Answer 4

It turns from red/orange to yellow in the presence of carbon dioxide.
It turns red/orange to purple when carbon dioxide is removed

Question 5

My red lip

Answer 5

More yellow, red is normal, less is purple

Question 6

Why is it better to breathe through your nose than your mouth?

Answer 6

hairs in nose act as a filter and stop dust and other things getting into your airways

Question 7

Why are ribs important

Answer 7

To protect your vital organs eg. Lungs and Heart

Question 8

What is the function of rings of cartilage in your trachea and bronchioles

Answer 8

To stop the trachea from collapsing and to strengthen the trachea

Question 9

What are the small hairs called cilia that line the tubes of the bronchioles for?

Answer 9

They sweep bacteria that is trapped in mucus to our mouth to swallow

Question 10

When we inhale, what does the diaphragm do?

Answer 10

The diaphragm contracts and flattens

Question 11

When we inhale, what do the intercostal muscles do?

Answer 11

The intercostal muscles contract, pulling the rib cage up and out

Question 12

When we inhale, what does the volume (space inside) the chest cavity do?

Answer 12

The volume (space inside) the chest cavity increases

Question 13

What does the volume (space inside) the chest cavity increasing cause the air pressure in the chest cavity and lungs to do?

Answer 13

It causes the air pressure in the chest cavity and lungs to decrease

Question 14

When the air pressure decreases is it higher or lower than the atmospheric air pressure?

Answer 14

The air pressure in the lungs is now lower than the atmospheric air pressure

Question 15

When we inhale what happens to the air we breathe in?

Answer 15

Air is drawn into the lungs from higher pressure outside to lower pressure inside

Question 16

When we exhale, what happens to the diaphragm?

Answer 16

The diaphragm relaxes and domes up

Question 17

When we exhale, what happens to the intercostal muscles?

Answer 17

The intercostal muscles relax and the rib cage moves down and in

Question 18

When we exhale, what happens to the volume (space inside) the chest cavity?

Answer 18

The volume (space inside) the chest cavity decreases

Question 19

What does the volume (space inside) the chest cavity decreasing cause the air pressure in the chest cavity and lungs to do?

Answer 19

It causes the air pressure in the chest cavity and lungs to increase

Question 20

When the air pressure increases is it higher or lower than the atmospheric air pressure?

Answer 20

The air pressure in the lungs is now higher than the atmospheric air pressure

Question 21

When we exhale what happens to the air we breathe in?

Answer 21

Air is forced out of the lungs from the higher pressure inside to lower the pressure outside

Question 22

What happens to diaphragm and rib cage when we inhale and exhale

Answer 22

Inhale - the diaphragm moves down and the rib cage moves up and out
Exhale - the diaphragm moves up and the rib cage moves down and in

Question 23

Which is more humid? Inhaled air or exhaled air

Answer 23

Exhaled air

Question 24

Does exhaled air or inhaled air contain more water?

Answer 24

Exhaled air contains more water than inhaled air

Question 25

Which gases are exchanged in our lungs?

Answer 25

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

Question 26

Where in the lungs does gas exchange take place?

Answer 26

The alveoli

Question 27

Why do we breathe out more carbon dioxide than we breathe in?

Answer 27

Carbon dioxide is the output of the respiration reaction. Your body is using it to make energy

Question 28

Why do we breathe out as much nitrogen as we breathe in?

Answer 28

Nitrogen isn’t used or produced in respiration

Question 29

Do we use all the oxygen we breathe in?

Answer 29

No because oxygen is still present in the air we breathe out

Question 30

What features of the alveoli allow gases to pass through them easily?

Answer 30

Very thin walls Large surface area Lots of capillaries to allow easy transfusion of gases into the blood

Question 31

The name of the chemical in cigarette smoke that makes it addictive?

Answer 31

Nicotine

Question 32

Where does respiration occur?

Answer 32

Every cell of the body

Question 33

How does asthma develop?

Answer 33

Asthma develops when the bronchi becomes inflamed and are partly blocked by mucus.

Question 34

What does smoke contain?

Answer 34

Nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide and ammonia

Question 35

What do E liquids contain?

Answer 35

Diacetyl, nicotine and heavy metals such as lead

Question 36

What is a serious lung disease that can occur from vaping?

Answer 36

Popcorn Lung

Question 37

What is nicotine?

Answer 37

Nicotine is a colourless chemical, a powerful poison, addictive, affects heart, blood vessels and nervous system, narrows of coronary arteries and increases the risk of blood clots

Question 38

What is tar?

Answer 38

Tar is a sticky brown substance that causes bronchitis, emphysema and cancer. It stains teeth and fingers yellow and it collects in the lungs

Question 39

What is carbon monoxide?

Answer 39

Carbon monoxide is an odourless gas that binds to red blood cells better than oxygen.

Question 40

What is Ammonia?

Answer 40

Ammonia is strong smelling and is normally used as a cleaning fluid

Question 41

Glucose

Answer 41

The fuel which we get from the food we eat. It is our main fuel

Question 42

Digestive system

Answer 42

changes large insoluble food molecules into small soluble molecules that are able to be absorbed into the blood stream.

Question 43

Circulatory system

Answer 43

Carries the small soluble food molecules and oxygen to every cell in our body and takes away unwanted waste e.g carbon dioxide, via the blood

Question 44

Respiratory system

Answer 44

Oxygen is taken into our bodies via the lungs and carbon dioxide is removed. The oxygen is then absorbed into the blood, travels to the heart and is then pumped around the rest of the body

Question 45

Alveoli

Answer 45

The alveoli is a small air sac that diffuses air into the blood

Question 46

The thorax

Answer 46

Where the lungs are in the upper part of the body

Question 47

The abdomen

Answer 47

Where the lungs are protected by the rib cage and separated from the lower part of the body by the muscular diaphragm

Question 48

Larynx

Answer 48

Contains the vocal chords, which makes sound when air passes over them

Question 49

Pleural membranes

Answer 49

Thin smooth membranes cover each lung. Other membranes line the inside of the rib cage

Question 50

Ventilation

Answer 50

Getting the air into and out of the lungs

Question 51

Gas exchange

Answer 51

Getting the gases to move into or out of the blood. Gas exchange is a two way process - waste gases are removed and oxygen is absorbed

Question 52

How much oxygen we breathe in and out in the air around us

Answer 52

We breathe in 21% of oxygen in the air around us. We breathe out 16% of oxygen in the air around us.

Question 53

The amount of carbon dioxide we breathe in and out in the air around us

Answer 53

We breathe in 0.04% of carbon dioxide in the air around us. We breathe out 4% of carbon dioxide in the air around us.

Question 54

How much nitrogen we breathe in and out in the air around us.

Answer 54

We breathe 78% of nitrogen in and out in the air around us.

Question 55

How much water vapour we breathe in and out in the air around us

Answer 55

We breathe in a little bit of water vapour but we breathe out a lot of water vapour.