Respiration

Question 1

function of a respiratory system?

Answer 1

to provide the o2 for aerobic respiration
to remove co2

Question 2

how does the air enter ?

Answer 2

through nose
through larynx - voice box
passes through trachea
then into the 2 bronchi
1 bronchi enters each lung and branches into bronchioles

Question 3

what happens during inhalation?

Answer 3

intercostal muscles contract and pulls ribcage up
diaphragm contract and flattens - away from lungs
this increases the volume in the lung
and lowers the air pressure in lungs compared to outside
so air from outside enters body and enters lung via trachea

Question 4

what happens during exhalation?

Answer 4

intercostal muscle relax and ribcage goes down and in
diaphragm relaxes and moves towards lungs
this decreases the volume and lung volume increases
therefore air forced out of lungs into surroundings

Question 5

How does 02 enter blood?

Answer 5

o2 diffuses from the alveolus into the capillary from high to low conc.
co2 diffuses the other way from high to low conc.
once o2 enters blood it binds to Hb
co2 transported in blood plasma

Question 6

why is High SA: V important for gas exchange?

Answer 6

increase in gas exchange by diffusion
larger SA which diffusion can occur
if volume is small gas travel less distance

Question 7

where does aerobic respiration happen in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?

Answer 7

eukaryotes - mitochondria
prokaryotes - cytoplasm

Question 8

features of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 8

without o2
releases less energy than aerobic

Question 9

where does the anaerobic respiration take place in a cell?

Answer 9

cytoplasm

Question 10

equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 10

glucose -> lactic acid and energy(Atp)