Respiration

Question 1

What is the respiratory system?

Answer 1

The system refers to the ‘organs’ that are involved in breathing. These ‘organs’ include the nose, throat, larynx, trachea, lungs, bronchi and heart.

Question 2

What are the group of organs in the respiratory system responsible for?

Answer 2

Carrying oxygen from the air to the bloodstream, and for expelling carbon dioxide.

Question 3

What does Respiration mean?

Answer 3

Breathing

Question 4

What is the function of breathing?

Answer 4

The function is to provide the means whereby oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide and other gases leaves the blood

Question 5

The function of breathing is to provide the means whereby oxygen enters the blood and carbon dioxide and other gases leaves the blood. The interchange of these gases occur where?

Answer 5

Lungs

Question 6

What is included in the upper respiratory tract?

Answer 6

Nose
Nasopharynx
Larynx

Question 7

Inspired air contents:

Answer 7

Inspired Air = 21% Oxygen. 0.04% Carbon Dioxide, 78% nitrogen, and others gases.

Question 8

What is included in the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 8

trachea, bronchi

Question 9

What is included in the lungs?

Answer 9

Respiratory bronchioles
Alveoli

Question 10

What is Tidal volume?

Answer 10

The volume of air moved in one normal breath. 500ml

Question 11

What is a average respiration rate for an adult?

Answer 11

14-20 breaths/min

Question 12

What is minute volume?

Answer 12

The amount inhaled or exhaled from a person’s lungs in one minute

Question 13

What is the normal minute volume for normal breathing?

Answer 13

6 Litres

Question 14

What flow rate on an Inhalation sedation should initially be set for each patient?

Answer 14

6 Litres as that is normal minute volume

Question 15

How is minute volume calculated?

Answer 15

Tidal volume x Respiratory rate

Question 16

What is the expiratory reserve volume? (Vital capacity)

Answer 16

5 litres

Question 17

What is functional residual capacity?

Answer 17

It allows for breath holding and maintains the pressure of oxygen in the lungs - preventing lung collapse

Question 18

What is dead space volume?

Answer 18

The amount of gas left unused in the respiratory tract during respiration/ 150ml

Question 19

The average respiratory rate per minute in a healthy young adult is?

Answer 19

14-20

Question 20

The amount of air that reaches the alveoli during inspiration is…

Answer 20

350ml

Question 21

What is the structure called where carbon dioxide is diffused through the capillary walls/membrane and is the expelled/expired via this structure?

Answer 21

Alveoli

Question 22

At rest an adult inhales and exhales approx 500ml of air with each breath. What is the correct term given to this?

Answer 22

Tidal volume

Question 23

This structure helps in the transferring of messages between various parts of the brain, regulating blood pressure an breathing. What is the name of this structure?

Answer 23

Medulla Oblongata

Question 24

The right lung has how many lobes?

Answer 24

3

Question 25

Amount of oxygen we expire?

Answer 25

16%

Question 26

Amount of oxygen we inspire?

Answer 26

21%

Question 27

How many lobes does the left lung have?

Answer 27

2 lobes

Question 28

Respiration is controlled by?

Answer 28

The brain

Question 29

The serious membrane enveloping each lung us called thhe..

Answer 29

Pleura

Question 30

The blood supply that brings blood to the alveoli via the...

Answer 30

Pulmonary artery

Question 31

Oxygenated blood leaves the alveoli via the

Answer 31

Pulmonary vein

Question 32

The total lung capacity is

Answer 32

6 lires 6000ml

Question 33

The volume of air breathed per minute is called

Answer 33

Minute volume

Question 34

When a patient is firstly administered an intravenous benzodiazepine drug the respiration rate will?

Answer 34

Increase

Question 35

If an increase in carbon dioxide levels is noted ..

Answer 35

The patient will have an increase in their respiration rate

Question 36

If the respiratory or cardiovascular activity drops below 90% on the pulse oximeter the second appropriate person should..

Answer 36

Assess the patient

Question 37

Nasal cannulation would be administered to the patient at a flow rate of

Answer 37

2-4 litres

Question 38

The residual amount of air left in the lungs atfter exhaling is

Answer 38

1.5 litres 1500ml

Question 39

What is the respiratory center responsible for?

Answer 39

Responsible for breathing. How fast, how deep etc

Question 40

What do the central chemoreceptors do?

Answer 40

Gather information to tell the respiratory center. such as Co2 and PH levels

Question 41

What do the peripheral chemoreceptors do?

Answer 41

Gather information to tell respiratory center such as 02 levels. Located outside the brain in the carotid and aortic bodies .

Question 42

Where is the respiratory center?

Answer 42

In the brain

Question 43

Where are the central chemoreceptors?

Answer 43

Brain

Question 44

What is tidal volume?

Answer 44

Each breath. The amount of air which moves in or out of the lungs each breath. 500ml

Question 45

What is dead space volume?

Answer 45

Aid that is inhaled and does not take part in gas exchange. 150ml remains in respiratory passage

Question 46

What is inspiration reserve volume?

Answer 46

The max amount of additional air that can be taken into the lungs after a normal breath

Question 47

What is expiratory reserve volume?

Answer 47

The max amount of additional air that can be forced out of the lungs after a normal breath

Question 48

What is residual volume?

Answer 48

Amount left in lungs after max out breath. 1.5 litres

Question 49

What is vital capacity?

Answer 49

Max amount of air that can be breathed out after breathing in as much air as possible

Question 50

What is minute volume?

Answer 50

Volume breathed in per minute = 6/7 litres per min

Question 51

What is Alkalosis?

Answer 51

Caused by over breathing. Via hyperventilation