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RUSVM Physiology I > Respiration > Flashcards

Respiration Flashcards

0
Q

What refers to the phenomenon of the lungs snapping back to their resting size after having been stretched?

A

Elastic recoil

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1
Q

Measure of the magnitude of change in lung volume accomplished by given change in the transmural pressure gradient

A

Compliance

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2
Q

_______ is the erythrocytic enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of CO2 into HCO3

A

Carbonic anhydrase

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3
Q

Reaction that takes place in the pulmonary capillaries

A

Hb + O2 –> HbO2

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4
Q

Arterial PO2 of 55 mm Hg stimulates (peripheral or central) chemoreceptors?

A

Peripheral

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5
Q

Elevated arterial PCO2 weakly stimulates (peripheral or central) chemoreceptors?

A

Peripheral

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6
Q

Elevated arterial H+ concentration stimulates (peripheral or central) chemoreceptors?

A

Peripheral

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7
Q

Elevated brain H+ induced by an elevated arterial PCO2 stimulates (peripheral or central) chemoreceptors?

A

Central

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8
Q

Arterial PO2 of 80 mm Hg stimulates (peripheral or central) chemoreceptors?

A

Neither!!

Normal range is 60-100 mm Hg

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9
Q

PO2 in the blood entering the pulmonary capillaries is ____ than PO2 in alveoli

A

Less than

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10
Q

PCO2 in the blood entering pulmonary capillaries is ___ PCO2 in alveolli

A

Greater than

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11
Q

PO2 in alveoli ___ PO2 in blood leaving pulmonary capillaries

A

Equals

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12
Q

PCO2 in alveoli is ___ PCO2 in blood leaving the pulmonary capillaries

A

Equal to

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13
Q

PO2 in blood leaving pulmonary capillaries is ___ PO2 in blood entering systemic capillaries

A

Equal to

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14
Q

PCO2 in blood leaving pulmonary capillaries is ___ PCO2 in blood entering systemic capillaries

A

Equal to

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15
Q

PO2 in blood entering systemic capillaries is ___ PO2 in tissue cells

A

Greater than

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16
Q

PCO2 in blood entering systemic capillaries is ___ PCO2 in tissue cells

A

Less than

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17
Q

PO2 in tissue cells is ___ PO2 in blood leaving systemic capillaries

A

Approximately equal to

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18
Q

PCO2 in tissue cells is ___ PCO2 in blood leaving systemic capillaries

A

Approximately equal to

19
Q

PO2 in blood leaving systemic capillaries is ___ PO2 in blood entering pulmonary capillaries

A

Equal to

20
Q

PCO2 in blood leaving systemic capillaries is ___ PCO2 in blood entering pulmonary capillaries

A

Equal to

21
Q

Total amount of air moved in and out of the respiratory system each minute

Tidal volume x Respiratory rate

A

Minute respiratory volume

22
Q

Volume of air that is available for gas exchange each minute

A

Alveolar ventilation rate

23
Q

2 factors that cause the lungs to tend to collapse

A

Elastic recoil

Surface tension of alveolar fluid

25
Q

2 factors that keep the lungs from collapsing

A

Intrapleural pressure

Surfactant

26
Q

What might increase erythrocyte production?

A

Prolonged stay at high altitude

Erythropoietin

27
Q

The transmural pressure gradient…

A

Stretches the lungs to fill the thoracic cavity

28
Q

Airway resistance

A

Is increased when airway radius decreases

29
Q

When airway resistance is elevated, the pressure gradient between the lungs and atmosphere must _______.

A

Increase

30
Q

What will cause the O2-hb dissociation curve to shift right?

A

Temperature increase

PCO2 increase

Acidity increase

31
Q

The plateau portion of the O2-Hb curve

A

Is in the blood PO2 range that exists at pulmonary capillaries

Hb becomes almost completely saturated in lungs

32
Q

The amount of oxygen unloaded from hemoglobin at the tissue level increases when…

A

PCO2 in the tissues increases

DPG concentration in RBCs increases

33
Q

The change in lung volume produced by a given change in transpulmonary pressure in the lung

A

Compliance

34
Q

Chloride ions move into the RBC when

A

Bicarbonate moves out of the RBC

35
Q

Hemoglobin molecule with an oxygen molecule bound to each of its four heme groups

A

Saturated hemoglobin

36
Q

O2-Hb curve will shift _____, resulting in a lower affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen

A

Right

37
Q

Amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin will decrease when:

A

pH decreases (PCO2 increases)

Temperature increases

38
Q

Inflammation of the pleural sac

A

Pleuracy

39
Q

Alveolar wall is ____ cell layer(s) thick

A

One

40
Q

The wall of the pulmonary capillary surrounding an alveolus is ___ cells layer(s) thick

A

One

41
Q

Alveolar wall and pulmonary capillary are components of the _____ _____.

A

Respiratory membrane

42
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

At any constant temperature, the pressure of a gas varies inversely with the volume of the gas

43
Q

Air in the pleural cavity

A

Pneumothorax

44
Q

A ______ pressure across the chest wall influences lung movement.

A

Transmural

45
Q

Volume occupied by the conducting airway

A

Dead space

46
Q

Primary factor that determines the % Hb saturation

A

Oxygen partial pressure

47
Q

Pulmonary surfactant contributes to lung stability by ____ surface tension

A

Decreasing

RUSVM Physiology I (3 decks)

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