Respiration Flashcards
(23 cards)
What is the unit of chemical energy
ATP
What is respiration
production of ATP from glucose and oxygen
How much ATP is produced from 1 glucose molecule
38 ATP molecules
What are the three components of respiration
glycolysis, Krebs cycle, ETC
Where does glycolysis take place
in the cytosol
what are the two distinct phases of glycolysis
preparatory phase & payoff phase
What is the process of the preparatory phase
- glucose –> glucose 6 phosphate –> fructose 6 phosphate –> fructose 1,6 biphosphate –> 2 glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate produced
- 2 ATP consumed
What is the process of the payoff phase
- 2 glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate –> 2 1,3-biphosphoglycerate –> 2 d-phosphoglycerate –> 2 2-phosphoglycerate –> 2 2-phosphoenol phosphate –> 2 pyruvate produced
- 4 ATP, 2 NADH produced
What is another name for the Krebs cycle
Citric acid cycle
What are the characteristics of the krebs cycle
- situated in the mitochondrion
- circular reaction
What is the process of compounds in the krebs cycle
1 pyruvate is converted to acetyl coenzyme A –> citrate –> isocitrate –> ketoglutarate –> succinyl CoA –> Succinate –> fumarate –> malate –> 1 oxaloacetate
- produces for 1 acetyl coenzyme A: 2 CO2, 3 NADH, 2 FADH2, 1 ATP
Where does the electron transport chain take place
in the inner mitochondrial membrane
What is the overall explanation of the electron transport chain
transfer of electrons from NADH to O2 producing H2O and powering three separate proton pumps. generates electrochemical gradient gradient which powers an ATP synthase
What are the 3 integral membrane proteins
complex I, III, IV
What is happening in the complex I - NADH-CoQ reductase
- two electrons removed from NADH
- 4 protons moved across the inner membrane into the intermembrane space
What is happening between complex 1 and complex 3
coenzyme Q moves electrons gathered from NADH
What is happening in Complex III (cytochrome bc1)
- two electrons transferred to cytochrome c compound within intermembrane space
- 3 protons moved into intermembrane space
What is happening in the complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase)
- electrons from cytochrome c travel through complex IV –> 4 H+ into intermediate space
- production of 2 water molecules
Where is the ATP synthase found
in the inner mitochondrial membrane
What is respiration without oxygen
anaerobic respiration
What is the process of anaerobic respiration
- glycolysis proceeds and generates 2 pyruvate but no krebs cycle or ETC
- 2 ATP produced, NAD+ recovered as NADH
What is difference in ATP for aerobic and anaerobic respiration
aerobic = 38 ATP anaerobic = 2 ATP
What are the two classifications of anaerobic respiration
- alcohol & lactic acid fermentation
