Respiratory

Question 1

What has the most significant contribution to airflow resistance?

Answer 1

Radius

Question 2

Will the PNS cause bronchoconstriction of bronchodilation?

Answer 2

Bronchoconstriction

Question 3

Will mas cells and non-cholinergic PNS cause bronchoconstriction of bronchodilation?

Answer 3

Bronchoconstriction

Question 4

Will the non-cholinergic PNS (nitric oxide) cause bronchoconstriction of bronchodilation?

Answer 4

Bronchodilation

Question 5

Will the SNS cause bronchoconstriction of bronchodilation?

Answer 5

Bronchodilation

Question 6

Stimulation of the vagus nerve will stimulate what type of receptor to produce bronchoconstriciton

Answer 6

M3 Receptor

Question 7

What class of drugs are these?
-albuterol
-metaproerenol
-salmeterol

Answer 7

Beta-2 agonists

Question 8

Volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation in ONE second

Answer 8

FEV1

Question 9

Volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation

Answer 9

FVC

Question 10

Compares volumes of air expired in 1 second and total volume of air expired

Answer 10

FEV1/FVC

Question 11

Measures airflow in the middle of FEV

Answer 11

MMEF

Question 12

Most sensitive indicator of small airway disease?

Answer 12

MMEF

Question 13

Maximum volume of air that can be inhaled and exhaled over the course of one minute

Answer 13

MMV

Question 14

What is the best test of endurance?

Answer 14

MMV

Question 15

Volume of carbon monoxide that can traverse the alveolocapillary membrane per a given alveolar partial pressure of carbon monoxide

Answer 15

DLCO

Question 16

Lab value that can be predictive of postop pulmonary complications?

Answer 16

Albumin <3.5

Question 17

How many hours after smoking cessation will P50 improve?

Answer 17

12 hours

Question 18

Half life of carbon monoxide

Answer 18

4-6 hours

Question 19

How can you reduce PREOP risk of PPC? (4)

Answer 19

1. Treat exp outflow obstruction (bronchodilators & corticosteroids)
2. Treat active inflammation with antibiotics
3. Instruct patient on pulmonary recruitment measures
4. Treat RV failure

Question 20

How can you reduce risk of INTRAOP PPC?

Answer 20

1. Regional anesthesia over general
2. Minimally invasive surgical approaches
3. Avoid procurers longer than 3 hours

Question 21

How can you reduce the risk of PPCs POSTOP? (2)

Answer 21

1. Analgesia
2. Pulm recruitment maneuvers

Question 22

Acute, reversible airway obstruction accompanied by chronic airway inflammation and bronchial hyper reactivity

Answer 22

Asthma

Question 23

The condition of being “hyper-allergic”

Answer 23

Atopy

Question 24

Greatest risk factor for developing asthma

Answer 24

Atopy

Question 25

What test is reduced in asthma but can improve following bronchodilator therapy?

Answer 25

FEV1 FEV1/FVC FEF 25-75%

Question 26

S/S asthma (6)

Answer 26

1. Wheezing 2. Dypsnea 3. Chest discomfort/tightness 4. Productive or nonproductive cough 5. Prolonged expiratory phase 6. Eosinophilia

Question 27

Drugs that may produce s/s asthma? (4)

Answer 27

1. ASA 2. NSAIDS 3. Beta antagonists 4. Sulfites

Question 28

Most common ABG finding in asthma

Answer 28

Respiratory ALKalosis w/ hypocarbia

Question 29

Elevated PaCO2 suggests

Answer 29

Air trapping

Question 30

Asthma EKG shows (2)

Answer 30

1. RV strain 2. Right axis deviation (during severe attack)

Question 31

Are PFTs predicative of PPC?

Answer 31

No

Question 32

Deep or awake extubation for asthma

Answer 32

Deep

Question 33

Ventilator goals for asthma

Answer 33

1. LIMIT inspiratory time 2. Prolong expiratory time 3. Tolerate moderate permissive hypercapnia

Question 34

What piece of equipment may benefit patients with exercise-induced asthma?

Answer 34

HME —> retains airway humidity

Question 35

Which VA reduces airway resistance

Answer 35

All of them

Question 36

IV induction agent that causes bronchodilation

Answer 36

Ketamine

Question 37

Dose of lidocaine that reduces airway reflexes at extubation

Answer 37

1-1.5 mg/kg, 1-3 minutes before extubation

Question 38

Avoid histamine releasing drugs in asthma, especially (4)

Answer 38

1. Sux 2. Meperidine 3. Morphine 4. Atracurium

Question 39

What is the best beta blocker for asthma?

Answer 39

Esmolol