Respiratory Flashcards
(65 cards)
1
Q
Dyspnea
dys- -pnea
A
bad, difficulty, painful breathing
shortness of breath
2
Q
pneum/o pneumon/o pneumat/o
A
lungs
3
Q
alveol/o
A
alveoli
4
Q
bronch/o bronchi/o
A
bronchi
5
Q
trache/o
A
trachea
6
Q
pulmon/o
A
lung
7
Q
hemat/o hem/o
A
blood
8
Q
-pnea
A
breathing
9
Q
-scopy
A
direct visual examination
10
Q
-stoma
A
articial mouth or opening
11
Q
atelectasis
atel- -ectasis
A
the alveoli or part of the lung deflate causing a partial or complete collaspe of the lung
imperfect stretching out
12
Q
hypoxia
A
inadequate oxygen supply to cells
13
Q
hypoxemia
hypo ox emia (note only one “o”)
A
inadequate oxygen in the blood
low levels of oxygen in the blood
14
Q
hypopnea
hypo- -pnea
A
low breathing
15
Q
apnea
a- -pnea
A
absence of breating
periods of no breating or completely stop breathing
16
Q
bradypnea
brady- -pnea
A
slow breathing
abnormal slow breathing
17
Q
lob/i lob/o
A
lobe
18
Q
pleuritis
pleur- -itis
A
inflammation of the pleura
19
Q
ox/i ox/o
A
oxygen
20
Q
phon/o
A
sound
21
Q
pleur/o
A
pleura
22
Q
bronchi/o bronch/o
A
bronchus
23
Q
diaphragmat/o phren/o
A
diaphragm
24
Q
thorac/o
A
thorax (chest)
25
muc/o
mucus
26
atel/o
imperfect, incomplete
27
-ectasis
stretching out, dilation, expansion
28
capn/o
carbon dioxide
29
py/o
pus
30
somn/o
sleep
31
spir/o
breathe, breathing
32
-algia
pain
33
-ia
abnormal condition
34
thoracocentesis
## Footnote
thor
surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the chest cavity
35
bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchi
36
hemothorax
blood in the chest (pleural space)
37
pneumonia
infection of the lungs (alveoli are inflammed filled with fluid or pus)
## Footnote
can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungal
38
pneumothorax
air the chest (pleural space) which causes a full or partial collapse of the lung
## Footnote
often due to a open chest wound
39
pyothorax
pus in the chest (pleural space)
## Footnote
also called empyema
40
thoracalgia
pain in the chest
41
acute respirtatory distress syndrome (ARDS)
damage to alveoli (fluid filled or collapsed) caused by infection or injury resulting in dyspnea, hypoxemia, crackles, tachypnea
## Footnote
treatment: oxygen, fluid management, and medication
42
asthma
inflammation of the bronchial causing constriction of the airway observed by wheezing, shortness of breathe, and coughing
## Footnote
treatment: medication, eliminate irritants (smoking or allergies)
43
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
irreversible progressive tissue damage to the lungs causing obstruction of the airway
## Footnote
emphysema and chronic bronchitis are examples of COPD
44
Croup
condition resulting from acute obstruction of the larynx, symptoms: barking cough, hoarseness, and stridors, caused by viral or bacteria infection, allergies, or foriegn bodies
## Footnote
treatment: medications (steroids)
45
cystic fibrosis (CF)
hereditary disorder of the exocrine glands causing an excessive sticky mucus production in the lungs, pancreatic deficiency, and other symptoms
46
steatorrhea
bulky, fatty, foul odor stools
## Footnote
seen in patients who have cystic fibrosis
47
emphysema
destruction of alveoli with loss of elastic recoiling, leading to trapped air, common causes smoking and air pollution
## Footnote
a rare cause: inherited alpha-1- antitrypsin deficiency
48
obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)
repetitive pharyngeal collapse during sleep which leads to absence of breathing
## Footnote
OSA increases risk for hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke
49
pertussis
highly contagious bacterial infection of the respiratory tract
## Footnote
also known as whooping cough
50
inspiration
the act of drawing in of a breath (inhalation)
## Footnote
allows air into the lungs
51
expiration
the act of exhaling air out of lungs including carbon dioxide
52
pleural effusion
fluid in the pleural space caused by disease or trauma
## Footnote
Types: transudative (watery fluid), exudative(protein-rich fluid), hemothorax (blood)
53
pulmonary edema
fluid accumlation in the alveoli and brocholies
54
pulmonary embolism (PE)
an embolus that occludes a portion of the pulmonary vascular bed
## Footnote
commonly arise from a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
55
pneumothorax
air or gas in the pleural space leading to lung collapse
56
embolus
can be a blood clot, tissue fragment, lipids, or air bubble
57
orthopnea
dyspnea that occurs when a person is lying down
58
tuberculosis
highly contagious airborne infection caused by mycobacterium
59
upper respiratory tract infection
infection of the nasal cavity, pharynx, or larynx
## Footnote
examples: common cold, rhinitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis
60
lower respiratory tract infection
infection of the trachea, bronchi, and lungs
## Footnote
examples: tracheitis, bronchitis, broncholitis, pneunomia
61
lobectomy
surgical removal of a lobe from the lungs
62
pleuropexy
## Footnote
pleuro- -pexy
surgical fixation of the pleura
63
tracheostomy
## Footnote
trache- -ostomy
creation of an artifical opening into the trachea
64
tracheotomy
## Footnote
trache- -otomy
incision of the trachea
65
