Respiratory

Question 1

Obstructive

Answer 1

FEV1/FVC Decreases

TLC Increases

Question 2

Restrictive

Answer 2

FEV1/FVC Increases

TLC Decreases

Question 3

Panacinar Emphysema

Answer 3

Lower Lobe - less common

A1AT Deficiency

Question 4

Centriacinar Emphysema

Answer 4

Upper Lobe - more common

Smoking

Question 5

Asthma

Answer 5

Type 1

Question 6

Deadspace

Answer 6

V/Q Mismatch

Ventilation no Perfusion

Question 7

Shunt

Answer 7

V/Q Mismatch

Perfusion no Ventilation

Question 8

Lobar Pneumonia

Answer 8

S. Pneumonia and Klebsiella
SERIOUSLY Pneumonia KILLS
Full Consolidation - Alveoli

Question 9

Bronchopneumonia

Answer 9

Staph Aureus, H Flu, Pseudomnoas, Moraxella, Legionella

Brionchioles Consolidation

Question 10

Interstitial (atypical) Pneumonia

Answer 10

Mycoplasma
Chlamydia
RSV
CMV
Influenza
Coxiella
MORE UPPER AIRWAY
Rarely Consolidation

Question 11

TB

Answer 11

Upper Lobe
Caseating Granuloma
Cavitations

Question 12

ARDS

Answer 12

Sepsis

Hyaline Membrane

Question 13

Central Cancers and Smokers

Answer 13

Start with S, deals with smoking
Squamous
SMall

Question 14

Small Cell Carcinoma

Answer 14

Neuroendocrine Kulchitsky cells
Male Smokers
Central
Eaton-Lambert

Question 15

Squamous Cell

Answer 15

Kerating Pearls/intercellular Bridges
Pthrp = hypercalcemia
MALE SMOKERS

Question 16

Adenocarcinoma

Answer 16

Glands/mucin
peripheral
nonsmokers/FEMALE SMOKERS
coin lession

Question 17

Kartagener Syndrome

Answer 17

Defect in cilia, dyenin protein

Bronchiectasis

Question 18

Neonatal Resipiratory Distress Syndrome

Answer 18

No surfactant
L/S Ratio
Steroids Increase Surfactant
Insulin Decreases Surfactant

Question 19

Non-Caseating Granuloma

Answer 19

Sarcdosis
Berillyum
better safe

Question 20

Abestos

Answer 20

From the roof affects the base

Question 21

Silica and Coal

Answer 21

From the base(earth) affects the roof

Question 22

Curschmann Spirals

Answer 22

Asthma is a CURSE

epithelium from mucus plug

Question 23

Charcot-Leyden Crystals

Answer 23

Asthma is a CURSE LEYDEN

Breakdown of eosinophils in sputum

Question 24

Lamellar Bodies

Answer 24

Surfactant

SURF LA BODY

Question 25

Pneumocytes

Answer 25

Type 1 - squamous | type 2 - cuboidal

Question 26

Epithelium

Answer 26

Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar until terminal bronchioles then becomes Ciliated Cuboidal

Question 27

Aspirations

Answer 27

Upright - lower portion of right inferior | Supine - superior portion of inferior lobe right

Question 28

Phrenic Nerve

Answer 28

C3,4,5 | reffered pain to shoulder or trapezius ridge

Question 29

Lung Volume

Answer 29

``` LITER LUNG IRV TV ERV RV ```

Question 30

Normal A-a Gradient Hypoxemia

Answer 30

High Altitude | Hypoventilation

Question 31

High A-a Gradient Hypoxemia

Answer 31

Anything that affects diffusion V/Q mismatch diffusion limitation right to left shunt

Question 32

Lobar Pneumonia

Answer 32

Strep Pneumonaie Legionella Klebsiella

Question 33

Bronchopneumonia

Answer 33

S. Aureus H. Flu Klebsiella

Question 34

Interstitial

Answer 34

``` influenza rsv adenoviruses myco legionella chlamydia ```

Question 35

Asbestosis

Answer 35

Ferruginous bodies - dumbbells

Question 36

Slica

Answer 36

TB

Question 37

Beryullium

Answer 37

sarcoid

Question 38

Transudate

Answer 38

Low protein, low ldh, low cholesterol | high albumin

Question 39

Exudate

Answer 39

High Protein, High LDH, High Cholesterol | low albumin

Question 40

Inappropriate absolute PV

Answer 40

Renal Cell Wilms Hepatocellular hydroneprhosis