Respiratory

Question 1

FUNCTIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Answer 1

• Pulmonary Ventilation
• External Respiration
• Internal Respiration
• Gas Transport

Question 2

Jutting external portion is supported by bone and cartilage.

Answer 2

Nose

Question 3

provides an airway for respiration

Answer 3

Nose

Question 4

Moistens and warms entering air

Answer 4

Nose

Question 5

filters and cleans inspired air

Answer 5

Nose

Question 6

serves as a resonating chamber for speech

Answer 6

Nose

Question 7

houses the olfactory (smell) receptors

Answer 7

Nose

Question 8

PARANASAL SINUSES

Answer 8

Frontal sinus
Ethmoid sinus
Sphenoid sinus
Maxillary sinus
Nasal cavity

Question 9

Common passageway of both respiratory and digestive systems.

Answer 9

PHARYNX

Question 10

Approximately 13cm in length extending from the base of the skull to the sixth vertebrae.

Answer 10

PHARYNX

Question 11

DIVISION OF PHARYNX

Answer 11

Nasopharynx
Oropharynx
Laryngopharynx

Question 12

Extends from choanae to uvula.

Answer 12

Nasopharynx

Question 13

Extends from uvula to epiglottis to oral cavity

Answer 13

Oropharynx

Question 14

Extends from epiglottis to esophagus

Answer 14

Laryngopharynx

Question 15

Nasal reflexes

Answer 15

Sneeze reflexes
Photic sneeze reflex

Question 16

Located in the anterior throat and it connects superiorly to the pharynx and inferiorly to the trachea.

Answer 16

Larynx

Question 17

Approximately 5cm extending from the 3rd cervical to the 6th cervical vertebrae.

Answer 17

Larynx

Question 18

Larynx has 9 cartilages

Answer 18

Thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, epiglottis, arytenoid
cartilages, corniculate cartilages, and cuneiform cartilages.

Question 19

unpaired cartilages of the larynx

Answer 19

Thyroid
Cricoid
Epiglottus

Question 20

Paired cartilages of the larynx

Answer 20

arytenoid
cartilages, corniculate cartilages, and cuneiform cartilages.

Question 21

Larynx : folds

Answer 21

Vestibular fold (false vocal cord)
Vocal fold (true vocal cord)

Question 22

Air passageway and voice production

Answer 22

Vocal Folds

Question 23

Descends from the larynx through the neck and into the mediastinum.

Answer 23

Trachea

Question 24

Located anterior to the esophagus and spine.

Answer 24

Trachea

Question 25

Consists of connective tissue and smooth muscle

Answer 25

Trachea

Question 26

Has 16-20 C-shaped cartilages

Answer 26

Trachea

Question 27

divides into the left and right bronchi, each of which connects to a lung.

Answer 27

Trachea

Question 28

Principal organs of respiration

Answer 28

Lungs

Question 29

resting on the diaphragm

Answer 29

Base

Question 30

extending superiorly to a point about 2.5 cm above the clavicle.

Answer 30

Apex

Question 31

Lungs divided into two:

Answer 31

right and left lung

Question 32

the site of gas exchange

Answer 32

Alveoli

Question 33

Location of gas exchange

Answer 33

Lungs (alveoli)

Question 34

Exchange of gas across respiratory membrane is influenced by:

Answer 34

– Respiratory membrane thickness (must not be too thick) – Surface area (must be large) – Lining of the alveolar sac (must be moist)

Question 35

Inhalation (atmospheric air)

Answer 35

PO2 (16mm Hg) PCO2 (0.3mm Hg)

Question 36

Alveolar air

Answer 36

PO2 (104mm Hg) PCO2 (40mm Hg)

Question 37

During gas exchange

Answer 37

PO2 (104mm Hg) PCO2 (40mm hg)

Question 38

Each lung is surrounded by a separate

Answer 38

Pleural cavities

Question 39

Each lung is surrounded by a separate

Answer 39

Pleura

Question 40

Pleura consist of

Answer 40

1. Parietal Pleura 2. Visceral pleura

Question 41

produced by the pleural membranes that functions to act as a lubricant and to help hold the pleural membrane together.

Answer 41

Pleural fluid

Question 42

The process of moving air into and out of the lungs

Answer 42

Ventilation

Question 43

Types of ventilation

Answer 43

•Inspiration/ Inhalation •Expiration/ Exhalation

Question 44

The tendency for an expanded lung to decrease in size

Answer 44

Lung recoil

Question 45

Lung recoil occurs because of the following reasons:

Answer 45

1. The lungs are made up of elastic connective tissue. 2. The alveoli have surface tension. Note: Too much surface tension is NOT good

Question 46

Used to assess pulmonary volume and capacities

Answer 46

Spirometry