Respiratory

Question 1

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)

Class

Answer 1

Sympathimimetic Bronchodilator

Question 2

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)

Description

Answer 2

Synthetic sympathomimetic that causes bronchodilation with less cardiac effect then epinephrine and reduces mucus secretion, pulmonary capillary leaking, and edema in the lungs during allergic reactions

Question 3

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)

Indications

Answer 3

Bronchospasm in asthma and COPD, hyperkalemia

Question 4

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)

Contraindication

Answer 4

Hypersensitivity

Question 5

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)

Precaution

Answer 5

The patient may expirence tachycardia, anxiety, nausea, cough, wheezing, and/or dizziness. Vitals signs and breath sounds must be monitor; use caution with elderly, cardiac, or hypertensive patients

Question 6

Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)

Dosage

Answer 6

Asthma: 2.5mg in 3ml NS via nebulizer, repeat as needed. The duration of ffect is 3-6hrs
Hyperkalemia: 20-30mg nebulizer

Question 7

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Class

Answer 7

Anticholinergic

Question 8

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Description

Answer 8

A bronchodilator used in the treatment of respiratory emergencies that causes bronchial dilation and dries respiratory tract secretions by blocking acetylcholine receptors

Question 9

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Indications

Answer 9

Bronchospasm associated with asthma, COPD, and inhaled irritants

Question 10

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Contraindications

Answer 10

Hypersensitivity to atropine or its derivatives, or as a primary treatment for acute bronchospasm. Nut allergy

Question 11

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Precautions

Answer 11

Eldery, cardiovascular disease, or HTN

Question 12

Ipratropium (Atrovent)

Dosage

Answer 12

Adult: 500mcg in 2.5-3ml NS via nebulizer
Pedi: 125-250mcg in 2.5-3ml NS via nebulizer

Question 13

Magnesium Sulfate

Class

Answer 13

Electrolyte

Question 14

Magnesium Sulfate

Description

Answer 14

An electrolyte that acts as a calcium channel blocker, acting as a CNS depressant and anticonvulsant. It also depresses the function of smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle

Question 15

Magnesium Sulfate

Indications

Answer 15

Refractory ventricular fibrillation and pulseless ventricular tachycardia(especially torsade de pointes), AMI, eclamptic seizures, asthma COPD

Question 16

Magnesium Sulfate

Contraindications

Answer 16

Heart block, myocardial damage, shock, hypocalcemia

Question 17

Magnesium Sulfate

Precautions

Answer 17

CHS depressants, or neuromuscular blocking agents

Question 18

Magnesium Sulfate

Dosage

Answer 18

V-fib: 1-2g IV over 2min
Torsades: 1-2g IV
Asthma/COPD: 1-2grams over 10mins (Mix in 50ccNS)
Eclampsia: 2-6g IV/IM over 15-30mins(Mix in 50ccNS)

Question 19

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

Class

Answer 19

Sympathomimetic, bronchodilator

Question 20

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

Description

Answer 20

Stimulates beta-2 receptors resulting in smooth muscle relaxation of bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature

Question 21

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

Indications

Answer 21

Treatment of acute bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airways disease (COPD/asthma). Bronchospasm prophylaxis in asthma patients

Question 22

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

Contraindication

Answer 22

Angioedema, tachydysrhythmias, and severe cardiac disease. Advoid use in patients taking phenothiazines; may cause prolonged QT interval and dysrthythmias

Question 23

Levalbuterol (Xopenex)

Dosage

Answer 23

Adult: 1.25mg in 3ml