Respiratory

Question 1

nursing interventions for proper respiration

Answer 1

maintain airway

ensure proper ventilation and oxygenation

Question 2

**ventilation vs oxygenation

Answer 2

exchange or movement of O2 and CO2 in and out of alveoli - mechanical
oxygenation - exchange of gas

Question 3

what is work of breathing

Answer 3

amount of effort required to maintain ventilation

Question 4

what is resistance

Answer 4

opposition - bronchi spasticity

Question 5

when taking a health hx what questions do you want to ask

Answer 5

hx of asthma, smoking
genetic predisposition
what meds are you taking (how long, how much)

Question 6

normal blood gas values

Answer 6

pH: 7.35(A) - 7.45(B)
PaCO2 - 35(B) - 45(A)
HCO3 - 22(A) - 26(B)

Question 7

PaCO2 represents

Answer 7

Respiratory

Question 8

HCO3 represents

Answer 8

Metabolic

Question 9

non-invasive respiratory assessment technique

Answer 9

Pulse Ox (SpO2)

Question 10

to ensure an accurate reading with Pulse Ox (SpO2)

Answer 10

avoid edema, nail polish

min. movement

Question 11

what does SpO2 measure

Answer 11

oxygen saturation - amt(%) of O2 attached to hemoglobin

Question 12

oxygen is a drug, t or f

Answer 12

true

Question 13

Oxygen delivery devices

Answer 13

nasal cannula
high flow cannula
simple face mask
face masks w/reservoirs

Question 14

oxygen delivery is recorded as

Answer 14

fraction of delivered oxygen (FiO2)

Question 15

room air is what % of O2

Answer 15

21% or 0.21 FiO2 (21/200)

Question 16

how much pure O2 is delivered to a pt on nasal cannula

Answer 16

0.24 - 0.44 FiO2

Question 17

how much pure O2 is delivered to a pt w/hi flow cannula

Answer 17

0.60 - 0.90 FiO2

Question 18

how much pure O2 is delivered to a pt w/simple face mask

Answer 18

0.30 - 0.60 FiO2

Question 19

how much pure O2 is delivered w/face mask w/reservoir

Answer 19

partial re-breather 0.35 - 0.60 FiO2

nonrebreather 0.60 - 0.80 FiO2

Question 20

why do we use an ET tube/intubate

Answer 20

maintain airway
remove secretions
prevent aspirations
mechanical ventilation

Question 21

why do we get a tracheostomy

Answer 21

long-term medical ventilation
freq suctioning
protect airway
bypass an airway obstruction
reduce WOB (work of breathing)

Question 22

where do we do a tracheostomy

Answer 22

OR or bedside

Question 23

suctioning is indicated for

Answer 23

secretions r/t increased WOB
coughing
alarms

Question 24

2 ways to suction

Answer 24

conventional - separate ventilator from pt.

closed - more common - infection

Question 25

*when suctioning a pt be sure to

Answer 25

hyper-oxygenate them | avoid saline due to risk of infections

Question 26

indications for ventilating a pt.

Answer 26

hypoxemia PaO2 .50 | hypercapnea PCO2 >=50 with pH

Question 27

what is positive pressure ventilation (PEEP)

Answer 27

the force of oxygen into alveolar sacs | intermittent

Question 28

what is CPAP

Answer 28

continuous positive airway pressure for pt who is spontaneously breathing

Question 29

noninvasive ventilation treatments

Answer 29

tight sealed masks (nasal, oronasal, total face masks)

Question 30

when is non-invasive ventilation used

Answer 30

COPD, HF, palliative care

Question 31

complications of ventilation

Answer 31

``` oxygen toxicity infection aspirations stress ulcers/GI bleed altered sleep patterns - anxiety dependency ```

Question 32

what is oxygen toxicity

Answer 32

carbon dioxide retention - COPD pt. at risk | absorption atelectasis - washes out nitrogen

Question 33

s/s of oxygen toxicity

Answer 33

subtle s/s - loopy, confused

Question 34

****what is a ventilator bundle

Answer 34

``` HOB 30 degrees assess daily readiness to wean stress ulcer prophylaxis (PPI) DVT prophylaxis (heparin) oral ```

Question 35

what is associated with ventilator associated pneumonia

Answer 35

oral care - swab their mouth daily - use chlorhexidine | hand hygiene

Question 36

the first time a pt weans from ventilator are they successful

Answer 36

not always