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Flashcards in Respiratory Deck (36)
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1
Q

nursing interventions for proper respiration

A

maintain airway

ensure proper ventilation and oxygenation

2
Q

**ventilation vs oxygenation

A

exchange or movement of O2 and CO2 in and out of alveoli - mechanical
oxygenation - exchange of gas

3
Q

what is work of breathing

A

amount of effort required to maintain ventilation

4
Q

what is resistance

A

opposition - bronchi spasticity

5
Q

when taking a health hx what questions do you want to ask

A

hx of asthma, smoking
genetic predisposition
what meds are you taking (how long, how much)

6
Q

normal blood gas values

A

pH: 7.35(A) - 7.45(B)
PaCO2 - 35(B) - 45(A)
HCO3 - 22(A) - 26(B)

7
Q

PaCO2 represents

A

Respiratory

8
Q

HCO3 represents

A

Metabolic

9
Q

non-invasive respiratory assessment technique

A

Pulse Ox (SpO2)

10
Q

to ensure an accurate reading with Pulse Ox (SpO2)

A

avoid edema, nail polish

min. movement

11
Q

what does SpO2 measure

A

oxygen saturation - amt(%) of O2 attached to hemoglobin

12
Q

oxygen is a drug, t or f

A

true

13
Q

Oxygen delivery devices

A

nasal cannula
high flow cannula
simple face mask
face masks w/reservoirs

14
Q

oxygen delivery is recorded as

A

fraction of delivered oxygen (FiO2)

15
Q

room air is what % of O2

A

21% or 0.21 FiO2 (21/200)

16
Q

how much pure O2 is delivered to a pt on nasal cannula

A

0.24 - 0.44 FiO2

17
Q

how much pure O2 is delivered to a pt w/hi flow cannula

A

0.60 - 0.90 FiO2

18
Q

how much pure O2 is delivered to a pt w/simple face mask

A

0.30 - 0.60 FiO2

19
Q

how much pure O2 is delivered w/face mask w/reservoir

A

partial re-breather 0.35 - 0.60 FiO2

nonrebreather 0.60 - 0.80 FiO2

20
Q

why do we use an ET tube/intubate

A

maintain airway
remove secretions
prevent aspirations
mechanical ventilation

21
Q

why do we get a tracheostomy

A
long-term medical ventilation
freq suctioning
protect airway
bypass an airway obstruction
reduce WOB (work of breathing)
22
Q

where do we do a tracheostomy

A

OR or bedside

23
Q

suctioning is indicated for

A

secretions r/t increased WOB
coughing
alarms

24
Q

2 ways to suction

A

conventional - separate ventilator from pt.

closed - more common - infection

25
Q

*when suctioning a pt be sure to

A

hyper-oxygenate them

avoid saline due to risk of infections

26
Q

indications for ventilating a pt.

A

hypoxemia PaO2 .50

hypercapnea PCO2 >=50 with pH

27
Q

what is positive pressure ventilation (PEEP)

A

the force of oxygen into alveolar sacs

intermittent

28
Q

what is CPAP

A

continuous positive airway pressure for pt who is spontaneously breathing

29
Q

noninvasive ventilation treatments

A

tight sealed masks (nasal, oronasal, total face masks)

30
Q

when is non-invasive ventilation used

A

COPD, HF, palliative care

31
Q

complications of ventilation

A
oxygen toxicity 
infection
aspirations
stress ulcers/GI bleed
altered sleep patterns - anxiety
dependency
32
Q

what is oxygen toxicity

A

carbon dioxide retention - COPD pt. at risk

absorption atelectasis - washes out nitrogen

33
Q

s/s of oxygen toxicity

A

subtle s/s - loopy, confused

34
Q

**what is a ventilator bundle

A
HOB 30 degrees
assess daily readiness to wean
stress ulcer prophylaxis (PPI)
DVT prophylaxis (heparin)
oral
35
Q

what is associated with ventilator associated pneumonia

A

oral care - swab their mouth daily - use chlorhexidine

hand hygiene

36
Q

the first time a pt weans from ventilator are they successful

A

not always