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Respiratory Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Decreased blood oxygen levels; hypoxia

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2
Q

Hypoxia

A

A reduction of oxygen supply to the tissues

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3
Q

Anatomic Dead Space

A

Places in which air flows but the structures are too thick for gas exchange

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4
Q

Tracheotomy

A

The surgical incision into the trachea for the purpose of establishing an airway

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5
Q

Tracheostomy

A

he (tracheal) stoma, or opening, that results from a tracheotomy

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6
Q

Oxygen Concentrator

A

A machine that removes nitrogen, water vapor, and hydrocarbons from room air. Also known as oxygen extractor.

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7
Q

Hypercarbia

A

Increased partial pressure of the arterial carbon dioxide levels

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8
Q

Leukoplakia

A

White, patchy lesions on a mucous membrane

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9
Q

Erythroplakia

A

A velvety red mucosal lesion, most often occurring in the oral cavity

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10
Q

Metastasizes

A

To spread cancer from the main tumor site to many other body sites

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11
Q

Xerostomia

A

Abnormal dryness of the mouth cause by severe reduction in the flow of saliva

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12
Q

Laryngectomee

A

A person who has had a laryngectomy

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13
Q

Closed Reduction

A

A nonsurgical procedure method for managing a simple fracture. While applying a manual pull, or traction, on the bone, the health care provider manipulates the bone ends so they realign

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14
Q

Rhinoplasty

A

.A surgical reconstruction of the nose done for cosmetic purposes and improvement of airflow

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15
Q

Submucous Resection (SMR)

A

Surgical procedure to straighten a deviated septum

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16
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nosebleed

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17
Q

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

A

A breathing disruption during sleep that lasts at least 10 seconds and occurs a minimum of 5 times in an hour

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18
Q

Subcutaneous Emphysema

A

The presence of bubbles under the skin because of air trapping; an uncommon late complication of fracture

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19
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Coughing up blood or blood-stained sputum

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20
Q

Asthma

A

A chronic respiratory condition in which reversible airway obstruction occurs intermittently, reducing airflow.

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21
Q

Lumens

A

The inside cavity of a tube or tubular organ, such as a blood vessel or airway

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22
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty in breathing or breathlessness

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23
Q

Control Therapy Drugs

A

Drugs used every day, regardless of symptoms, to reduce airway responsiveness to prevent asthma attacks from occurring

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24
Q

Reliever Drugs

A

Drugs used in asthma therapy to stop an asthma attack once it has started

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25
Cor Pulmonale
Right-sided heart failure caused by pulmonary disease
26
Orthopnea
Shortness of breath that occurs when lying down but it is relieved by sitting up
27
Palliation
Relieving symptoms
28
Fremitus
Vibrations felt on the chest or back when the patient talks
29
Alopecia
Hair Loss
30
Mucositis
Open sores on mucous membranes
31
Thrombocytopenia
A reduction in the number of blood platelets below the level needed for normal coagulation, resulting in an increased tendency to bleed
32
Lobectomy
Surgical removal of an entire lung lobe
33
Pneumonectomy
Removal of an entire lung, including all blood vessels
34
Wedge Resection
Removal of small, localized areas of disease
35
Thoracentesis
The aspiration pf pleural fluid or air from the pleural space
36
Pandemic
A general epidemic spread over a wide geographic area and affecting a large proportion of the population
37
Pneumonia
Excessive fluid in the lungs resulting from an inflammatory process that can include infection
38
Empyema
A collection of pus in the pleural space
39
Consolidation
Solidification; lack of air spaces in the lung, such as occurs in pneumonia
40
Pulmonary Empyema
A collection of pus in the pleural space most commonly caused by a pulmonary infection
41
Tuberculosis (TB)
A highly communicable disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is most common bacterial infection worldwide.
42
Aerosolization
Transmission via fine airborne droplets
43
Immunity
Resistance to infection; usually associated with the presence of antibodies or cells that act on specific microorganisms
44
Caseation Necrosis
A type of necrosis in which tissue is turned into a granular mass
45
Hematogenous TB
A form of TB that spreads throughout the body when a large number of organisms enter the blood. Also called miliary TB
46
Induration
Hardening
47
Anergy
The inability to mount an immune response to an antigen
48
Directly Observed Therapy (DOT)
A technique in which a health care professional watches the patient sallow prescribed drugs
49
Rhinosinusitis
An inflammation of the mucous membranes of one or more of the sinuses; usually seen with rhinitis, especially the common cold (coryza).
50
Peritonsillar Abscess (PTA)
A complication of acute tonsillitis. The infection spreads from the tonsils to the surrounding tissues, which forms an abscess
51
Spore
An encapsulated inactive organism
52
Pulmonary Embolism (PE)
A collection of particulate matter, most commonly a blood clot, that enters venous circulation and lodges in the pulmonary vessels, obstructing pulmonary blood flow and leading to decreased systemic oxygenation, pulmonary tissue hypoxia, and potential death
53
Hemoptysis
Coughing up blood or blood-stained sputum
54
Syncope
.
55
Positive Inotropic Agent
Drugs that increase myocardial contractility; such drugs are prescribed to improve cardiac output
56
Hypoxemic
Decreased blood oxygen levels
57
Intrapulmonary
.
58
Hypoventilation
A state in which gas exchange at the alveolar-capillary membrane is inadequate so that too little oxygen reaches the blood and carbon dioxide is retained.
59
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Respiratory failure marked by hypoxemia that persists even when 100% oxygen is given, as well as decreased pulmonary compliance, dyspnea, noncardiac-associated, bilateral pulmonary edema, and dense pulmonary infiltrates on x-ray.
60
Refactory Hypoxemia
.
61
Intercostally
.
62
Substernally
.
63
Compliance
In respiratory physiology, a measure of elasticity within the lung. Also, a patient's fulfillment of a caregiver's prescribed course of treatment.
64
Stridor
.
65
Carnia
The point at which the trachea branches into the right and left mainstrem bronchi
66
Flail Chest
Inward movement of the thorax during during inspiration , with outward movement during expiration; results from multiple rib fractures caused by blunt chest trauma that leaves a segment of the chest wall loose.
67
Paradoxical Chest Wall Movement
The "sucking inward" of the loose chest area during inspiration and a "puffing out" of the same area during expiration in a patient with flail chest.
68
Pneumothorax
Air in the pleural (chest) cavity.
69
Hemothorax
Bleeding into the chest cavity
70
Tension pneumothorax
.
71
Needle Pneumothorax
.

Med Surg (3 decks)

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