respiratory

Question 1

difference between cold and flu

Answer 1

weakness and fatigue in flu
flu has rapid onset
flu has fever

Question 2

3 treatment options for flu

Answer 2

analgesics
decongestants
antihistamines

Question 3

What analgesic is first line for flu (fever/chills/aches)?

Answer 3

paracetamol

Question 4

What should included in analgesics for flu?

Answer 4

antipyretic (reduced fever)

Question 5

How do decongestants work?

Answer 5

constriction of blood vessels in nasal mucosa

relieve nasal stuffiness

Question 6

3 oral decongestants

Answer 6

ephedrine
pseudoephedrine
phenylephrine

Question 7

3 types of topical decongestants

Answer 7

ephedrine
oxymetazoline
xylometazoline

Question 8

side effect of topical and oral decongestants

Answer 8

topical - rebound congestion (avoid long term use)

oral - CNS stimulants (don’t take at night)

Question 9

contraindications for decongestants

Answer 9

hpt/heart disease - inc BP and stimulates heart
diabetes - inc blood glucose levels
hyperthyroidism

Question 10

max sale of pseudoephedrine

Answer 10

720mg
(12 x 60mg tabs)
1 pack

Question 11

How to treat inability to sleep from flu

Answer 11

antihistamines

Question 12

examples of 2 antihistamines for flu

Answer 12

promethazine and diphenydramine

Question 13

What do antihistamines do for flu?

Answer 13

reduce rhinorrhea and sneezing

DO NOT reduce nasal congestion

Question 14

side effects of antihistamines (flu)

Answer 14

drowsiness
anticholinergic (dry mouth, constipation, sedation, blurred vision)

Question 15

contraindications for antihistamines (flu)

Answer 15

severe respiratory disease
closed angle glaucoma
prostatic hypertrophy
epilepsy
liver disease

Question 16

interactions for antihistamines

Answer 16

alcohol - sedation

Question 17

Types of treatments for cough

Answer 17

antitussives
antihistamines
demulcents
expectorants

Question 18

example of antitussives

Answer 18

codeine linctus
pholcodine linctus
dextromethorphan

Question 19

examples of antihistamines (cough)

Answer 19

diphenhydramine
promethazine
triprolidine

Question 20

How do antihistamines work (cough)?

Answer 20

reduce frequency of cough

Question 21

How do demulcents work?

Answer 21

sooth and coat the throat

Question 22

examples of demulcents

Answer 22

glycerin

honey and lemon

Question 23

How do expectorants work?

Answer 23

stimulate bronchial secretion

liquefying sputum

Question 24

examples of expectorants

Answer 24

guaifensin
ipecacuanha
ammonium salts
menthol/creosote

Question 25

cough remedies for diabetics

Answer 25

sugar free

Question 26

examples of sedative antihistamines for allergic rhinitis

Answer 26

chlorphenamine (Piriton) | promethazine (Phenergan)

Question 27

examples of non-sedative antihistamines

Answer 27

loratidine cetirizine acrivastine

Question 28

age for chlorphenamine

Answer 28

from 1 year | frequent dosing

Question 29

what antihistamine is used over 12 years (allergic rhinitis)

Answer 29

acrivastine

Question 30

drugs in corticosteroid nasal spray for allergic rhinitis

Answer 30

beclometasone and fluticasone

Question 31

age for corticosteroid nasal spray

Answer 31

over 18 years

Question 32

side effects of nasal sprays

Answer 32

nasal irritation and dryness | nose bleeds

Question 33

example of mast cell stabilisers for allergic rhinitis

Answer 33

sodium cromoglycate

Question 34

How do mast cell stabilisers work?

Answer 34

stabilise mast cells to prevent histamine release

Question 35

What is the dose for mast cell stabilisers?

Answer 35

4 times a day

Question 36

What form are mast cell stabilisers in?

Answer 36

intra nasal and intra ocular

Question 37

age for mast cell stabilisers

Answer 37

6 years

Question 38

examples of topical antihistamine

Answer 38

Otravine Antistin eye drops | Azelastine nasal spray

Question 39

What drugs are in Otravine eye drops

Answer 39

antazoline and xylomethazoline (antihistamine and vasoconstrictor)

Question 40

How long can you use Otravine for?

Answer 40

not more than 7 days

Question 41

name a POM topical antihistamine nasal spray?

Answer 41

Azelastine