Respiratory anatomy

Question 1

What is A?

Answer 1

Sphenoidal sinus

Question 2

What is B ?

Answer 2

Semilunar hiatus

Question 3

What is C ?

Answer 3

Opening for posterior ethmoidal sinuses

Question 4

What is D?

Answer 4

Frontal sinus

Question 5

What is E?

Answer 5

Inferior concha

Question 6

What is F ?

Answer 6

Choanae (posterior nasal aperture)

Question 7

What is G ?

Answer 7

Soft palate

Question 8

What is H ?

Answer 8

Pharyngotympanic tube opening

Question 9

What is I?

Answer 9

Opening for Maxillary sinus.

Question 10

On the image opposite, what is located at the area marked by the blue circle?

Answer 10

Olfactory area

Question 11

What are the functions of the conchae?

Answer 11

Increase surface area - humidify
Keep airways open

Question 12

What are the functions of the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 12

Function unconfirmed – many theories.
May be to lighten skull, role in immune function, spaces for voice to resonate
Clinical – Used in immune response

Question 13

If the larynx fails to close and food or liquid are able to pass through, what condition could result?

Answer 13

Aspiration pneumonia – food/drink causes infection within the lungs.

Question 14

Why is the cartilage of the trachea C-shaped?

Answer 14

Allows for expansion of oesophagus posteriorly.
Airway is always open.

Question 15

If a small object is aspirated and becomes lodged in the lung, where would it lodge and why?

Answer 15

Right main bronchus – wider and more vertical than left

Question 16

Where does gas exchange occur?

Answer 16

Respiratory bronchioles and alveoli

Question 17

The right lung is generally shorted and wider than the left lung, why do you think that is?

Answer 17

Diaphragm is higher on right due to liver.

Question 18

Each lung is divided into 10 bronchopulmonary segments, meaning they are functionally independent. How can this be helpful clinically?

Answer 18

Areas can be removed without impacting the whole structure – Functionally independent