Respiratory Anatony Flashcards

1
Q

How many bronchopulmonary segments does each lung have?

A

10

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2
Q

What are the lung lobes of the right lung?

A

Superior lobe
Inferior lobe
Middle lobe

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3
Q

What are the fissures of the right lobe?

A

Oblique

Horizontal

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4
Q

What are the lobes of the left lung?

A

Superior
Inferior
Lingula

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5
Q

What are the fissures of the left lung?

A

Oblique

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6
Q

What are the 3 layers of skeletal muscle located between the ribs in the intercostal spaces?

A

External intercostal muscle
Internal intercostal muscle
Innermost intercostal muscle

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7
Q

What are the 4 quadrants of the female breast?

A

Superolateral
Superomedial
Inferolateral
Inferomedial

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8
Q

What is the most inferior region laterally of the lungs?

A

Costophrenic angle

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9
Q

What are the accessory muscles of forced inspiration?

A

Pec major
Sternocleidomastoid
Scalenous anterior, medius and posterior

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10
Q

Where do the muscle fibres end and apopneurosis begin?

A

The linea semilunaris

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11
Q

Where do the aponeurosis blend?

A

The linea alba

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12
Q

What is the attachment of the external oblique?

A

Lower ribs

Anterior part of iliac crest and pubic tubercle

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13
Q

What are attachment of the internal oblique?

A

Inferior border of lower ribs

Iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia I’d lower back

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14
Q

What are the attachments of the transverse abdominus?

A

Deep aspects of lower ribs

Iliac crests and thoracolumbar fascia of lower back.

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15
Q

What is a small pneumothorax?

A

Less than 2cm

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16
Q

What is a large pneumothorax?

A

More than 2cm

17
Q

What is a paraoesiphageal hiatus hernia?

A

Herniated part of the stomach passes through the oesophageal hiatus to become parallel to the oesophagus in the chest.

18
Q

What is a sliding hiatus hernia?

A

Herniated part of the stomach slides through the oesophageal hiatus to chest with gastro oesophageal junction

19
Q

Where do the Inguinal ligaments attach?

A

ASIS and pubic tubercles

20
Q

What is a direct hernia?

A

Finger of peritoneum is forced through the posterior wall of the inguinal canal and directly out of the superficial ring of the scortum

21
Q

What is an indirect hernia?

A

Finger of peritoneum is first pushed through the deep ring and then out of the superficial ring.