Respiratory Disorders

Question 1

Stage 1

Answer 1

FEV1 is greater than or equal to 80%
Minimal impact on their life
Will likely not seek help at this point

Question 2

Stage 2

Answer 2

FEV1 is 50-79% of predicted normal
Short of breath to and from car
Might seek out help in this stage

Question 3

Stage 3

Answer 3

FEV1 is 30-49%
More severe shortness of breath
More sedentary
Activities and daily living are limited

Question 4

Stage 4

Answer 4

FEV1 is 30%
Sedentary
Requires a lot of care
Supplemental oxygen

Question 5

COPD is ___ leading cause of death

Answer 5

3rd

Question 6

Prevelance of COPD by age

Answer 6

More prevalent as you age

Question 7

COPD =

Answer 7

Chronic Bronchitis

Emphysema

Question 8

COPD prevalence by disease

Answer 8

Chronic Bronchitis = leader

Emphysema = later in life

Question 9

Causes of COPD

Answer 9

1. Smoking
2. Occupational exposure
3. City living - pollution
4. Childhood respiratory infections

Question 10

Chronic Bronchitis

Answer 10

Cough with sputum production
Most days, during at least three consecutive months, in at least 2 consecutive years
- people attribute to changes in weather, or allergies

Question 11

Chronic Bronchitis lung compared to normal

Answer 11

Excess mucus stuck n middle there

Damages tube in alveoli

Question 12

Chronic Bronchitis higher prevelance for M or F

Answer 12

Female

Maybe because they live longer

Question 13

Chronic Bronchitis and age prevelance

Answer 13

45-65 years

Question 14

Chronic Bronchitis Ethnicity prevalence

Answer 14

Non hispanic - White

Question 15

Emphysema Sex Prevalence

Answer 15

Male

More of the ones smoking

Question 16

Emphysema Age prevalence

Answer 16

65-75

Question 17

Emphysema Ethnicity Prevalence

Answer 17

Non Hispanic - White

Question 18

Chronic Bronchitis Risk Factors

Answer 18

Tobacco
Recurrent Infections
Genetics
Inhalation of irritants
Idiopathic (less than 5%)

Question 19

Presentation of chronic bronchitis

Answer 19

Blue Bloater

Question 20

Define Emphysema

Answer 20

Condition of lungs which is characterized by abnormal, permanent enlargement of the airspace distal to the terminal bronchiole
Accompanied by obstruction of the bronchiole wall without obvious fibrosis

Question 21

Emphysema Prevalence by Age

Answer 21

65 years and older

Question 22

Emphysema Prevalence by Ethnicity

Answer 22

Non-Hispanic White

They could afford the cigarettes

Question 23

Emphysema Risk Factors

Answer 23

Smoking
Alpha 1 deficiency (not having protection)
Recurrent infections
Occupational/environmental exposures

Question 24

Clinical Presentation of Emphysema

Answer 24

Pink Puffer

Question 25

Typical Treatments for Emphysema

Answer 25

``` Smoking Cessation Medications - bronchodilators - corticosteroids - antibiotics - expectorants ```

Question 26

Issues with COPD

Answer 26

Exercise tolerance is decreased 52% of people with COPD fear of SOB will limit their activity level Temp and altitude impacts

Question 27

Define Asthma

Answer 27

Disease characterized by an increase in responsiveness of trachea and bronchi to various stimuli Manifests by narrowing airways

Question 28

Asthma M vs F

Answer 28

Females are 34%more likely

Question 29

Asthma attack prevalence among children and adults

Answer 29

More in children - likely because of exercise induced asthma or not knowing what allergic to

Question 30

Relationship btw estrogen and asthma episodes

Answer 30

Estrogen changes with puberty and when estrogen is at its lowest, when F have attacks

Question 31

Relationship btw obesity and asthma episodes

Answer 31

Has a lot to do with cortisol and obesity

Question 32

Mild stage of asthma

Answer 32

symptoms reverse with cessation of activity | symptoms less than 2x/week

Question 33

Moderate stage of asthma

Answer 33

audible wheezing use of accessory muscles symptoms require short acting inhalant and long term drug therapy (more than 2x/wk)

Question 34

Severe stage of asthma

Answer 34

Cyanosis Tachypnea after cessation of activity Activity is limiting Occurs daily

Question 35

Exercise Induced Asthma

Answer 35

``` Develops 5-15 minutes into the activity Self limiting (30-60 min) after activity Coughing --> wheezing --> chest tightness --> SOB ```

Question 36

Highest age for CB | Emphysema

Answer 36

45-65 | Above 65

Question 37

Asthma M or F

Answer 37

Female

Question 38

Sputum occurs with

Answer 38

CB

Question 39

Change in chest diameter with

Answer 39

Emphysema

Question 40

Pneumoconiosis

Answer 40

Deposition and retention of inorganic particles in the lung | Lung tissues react and fibrosis occurs

Question 41

Factors in development of Pneumoconiosis

Answer 41

Amount of particulate retained in lungs Size and shape of the particles Chemical nature of the particulate Individual susceptibility

Question 42

Characteristics of Pneumoconiosis

Answer 42

Insidious onset - just appears one day Long latency - can happen 10 years after inhale it Irreversible - cant get rid of fibrosis Progressive course - once symp start, get worse No effective treatment

Question 43

Hypersensitivity Pneumoconiosis

Answer 43

Syndrome caused by sensitization to and repeated inhalation of organic antigen from dust

Question 44

Sources for hyper Pneumo

Answer 44

Dairy and grain (Mold) Animal dander Wood Water sources (humidifier)

Question 45

Hyper Pneumo characterisitcs

Answer 45

More about repeated exposure than the size and shape Only 15% of people exposed will actually develop a problem More common in non smokers Noth immune and cell mediated response Acute onset Lasts 12 hours Symp wth each exposure - get more severe

Question 46

Productive cough is indicative of

Answer 46

Chronic Bronchitis

Question 47

Fear of SOB limits active exercise participation in more than 50% of patients with COPD T or F

Answer 47

True